Капитан америка рассказ на английском языке

Steve Rogers Captain America
Captain America, as he appeared on the cover of Tales of Suspense #74 (February 1966) Art by Jack Kirby
Publication information
Publisher	Marvel Comics
First appearance	Captain America Comics #1 (March 1941)
Created by	Joe Simon Jack Kirby
In-story information
Alter ego	Steven Rogers
Species	Human mutate
Team affiliations	Avengers Avengers Unity Division All-Winners Squad Illuminati Invaders Landau, Luckman, and Lake New Avengers Project: Rebirth Redeemers S.H.I.E.L.D. Secret Avengers Uncanny Avengers Secret Defenders U.S. Army
Partnerships	Bucky Barnes Falcon Sharon Carter
Notable aliases	Nomad The Captain
Abilities	Enhanced strength, speed, stamina, durability, agility, reflexes, senses, and mental processing via the super soldier serum Master martial artist and hand-to-hand combatant Accelerated healing Master tactician, strategist, and field commander Using Vibranium-steel alloy shield

Captain America is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by cartoonists Joe Simon and Jack Kirby, the character first appeared in Captain America Comics #1 (cover dated March 1941) from Timely Comics, a predecessor of Marvel Comics. Captain America was designed as a patriotic supersoldier who often fought the Axis powers of World War II and was Timely Comics’ most popular character during the wartime period. The popularity of superheroes waned following the war, and the Captain America comic book was discontinued in 1950, with a short-lived revival in 1953. Since Marvel Comics revived the character in 1964, Captain America has remained in publication.

The character wears a costume bearing an American flag motif, and he carries a nearly-indestructible shield that he throws as a projectile. Captain America is the alter ego of Steve Rogers, a frail young artist enhanced to the peak of human perfection by an experimental «super-soldier serum» after joining the military to aid the United States government’s efforts in World War II. Near the end of the war, he was trapped in ice and survived in suspended animation until he was revived in modern times. Although Captain America often struggles to maintain his ideals as a man out of his time, he remains a highly respected figure both with the American public and in the superhero community, which includes becoming the long-time leader of the Avengers.

Captain America was the first Marvel Comics character to appear in media outside comics with the release of the 1944 movie serial, Captain America. Since then, the character has been featured in other films and television series. In the Marvel Cinematic Universe, Steve Rogers was portrayed by Chris Evans.

Publication history

Creation

In 1940, writer Joe Simon conceived the idea for Captain America and made a sketch of the character in costume.^[1] «I wrote the name ‘Super American’ at the bottom of the page,» Simon said in his autobiography, and then decided:

No, it didn’t work. There were too many «Supers» around. «Captain America» had a good sound to it. There weren’t a lot of captains in comics. It was as easy as that. The boy companion was simply named Bucky, after my friend Bucky Pierson, a star on our high school basketball team.^[2]

Simon recalled in his autobiography that Timely Comics publisher Martin Goodman gave him the go-ahead and directed that a Captain America solo comic book series be published as soon as possible. Needing to fill a full comic with primarily one character’s stories, Simon did not believe that his regular creative partner, artist Jack Kirby, could handle the workload alone:

I didn’t have a lot of objections to putting a crew on the first issue … There were two young artists from Connecticut that had made a strong impression on me. Al Avison and Al Gabriele often worked together and were quite successful in adapting their individual styles to each other. Actually, their work was not too far from [that of] Kirby’s. If they worked on it, and if one inker tied the three styles together, I believed the final product would emerge as quite uniform. The two Als were eager to join in on the new Captain America book, but Jack Kirby was visibly upset. «You’re still number one, Jack,» I assured him. «It’s just a matter of a quick deadline for the first issue.»
«I’ll make the deadline,» Jack promised. «I’ll pencil it [all] myself and make the deadline.» I hadn’t expected this kind of reaction … but I acceded to Kirby’s wishes and, it turned out, was lucky that I did. There might have been two Als, but there was only one Jack Kirby … I wrote the first Captain America book with penciled lettering right on the drawing boards, with very rough sketches for figures and backgrounds. Kirby did his thing, building the muscular anatomy, adding ideas and popping up the action as only he could. Then he tightened up the penciled drawings, adding detailed backgrounds, faces and figures.»^[2]

Al Liederman would ink that first issue, which was lettered by Simon and Kirby’s regular letterer, Howard Ferguson.^[3]

Simon said Captain America was a consciously political creation; he and Kirby were morally repulsed by the actions of Nazi Germany in the years leading up to the United States’ involvement in World War II and felt war was inevitable: «The opponents to the war were all quite well organized. We wanted to have our say too.»^[4] It has been observed that the Captain America character has numerous elements of Jewish iconography as a variant of the idea of the Golem, an automaton who protects the Jewish community who was created by an elder of that community, Dr. Irkstine.^[5]

Golden Age

Captain America Comics #1 – cover-dated March 1941^[6] and on sale December 20, 1940,^[7][8] a year before the attack on Pearl Harbor, but a full year into World War II – showed the protagonist punching Nazi leader Adolf Hitler; it sold nearly one million copies.^[9] While most readers responded favorably to the comic, some took objection. Simon noted, «When the first issue came out we got a lot of  … threatening letters and hate mail. Some people really opposed what Cap stood for.»^[4] The threats, which included menacing groups of people loitering out on the street outside of the offices, proved so serious that police protection was posted with New York Mayor Fiorello La Guardia personally contacting Simon and Kirby to give his support.^[10]

Though preceded as a «patriotically themed superhero» by MLJ’s The Shield, Captain America immediately became the most prominent and enduring of that wave of superheroes introduced in American comic books prior to and during World War II,^[11] as evidenced by the unusual move at the time of premiering the character in his own title instead of an anthology title first. This popularity drew the attention and a complaint from MLJ that the character’s triangular shield too closely resembled the chest symbol of their Shield character. In response, Goodman had Simon and Kirby create a distinctive round shield for issue 2, which went on to become an iconic element of the character.^[12] With his sidekick Bucky, Captain America faced villains from Nazi Germany, Empire of Japan, and other threats to wartime America and the Allies. Stanley Lieber, now better known as Stan Lee, in his first professional fiction writing task, contributed to the character in issue #3 in the filler text story «Captain America Foils the Traitor’s Revenge», which introduced the character’s use of his shield as a returning throwing weapon.^[13] Captain America soon became Timely’s most popular character and even had a fan-club called the «Sentinels of Liberty».^[4]

Circulation figures remained close to a million copies per month after the debut issue, which outstripped even the circulation of news magazines such as Time during the period.^[11][14] The character was widely imitated by other comics publishers, with around 40 red-white-and-blue patriotic heroes debuting in 1941 alone.^[15] After the Simon and Kirby team moved to DC Comics in late 1941, having produced Captain America Comics through issue #10 (January 1942), Al Avison and Syd Shores became regular pencillers of the celebrated title, with one generally inking over the other. The character was featured in All Winners Comics #1–19 (Summer 1941 – Fall 1946), Marvel Mystery Comics #80–84 and #86–92, USA Comics #6–17 (Dec. 1942 – Fall 1945), and All Select Comics #1–10 (Fall 1943 – Summer 1946).

In the post-war era, with the popularity of superheroes fading, Captain America led Timely’s first superhero team, the All-Winners Squad, in its two published adventures, in All Winners Comics #19 and #21 (Fall–Winter 1946; there was no issue #20). After Bucky was shot and wounded in a 1948 Captain America story, he was succeeded by Captain America’s girlfriend, Betsy Ross, who became the superheroine Golden Girl. Captain America Comics ran until issue #73 (July 1949),^[16] at which time the series was retitled Captain America’s Weird Tales for two issues,^[17] with the finale being a horror/suspense anthology issue with no superheroes.

Atlas Comics attempted to revive its superhero titles when it reintroduced Captain America, along with the original Human Torch and the Sub-Mariner, in Young Men #24 (Dec. 1953). Billed as «Captain America, Commie Smasher!» Captain America appeared during the next year in Young Men #24–28 and Men’s Adventures #27–28, as well as in issues #76–78 of an eponymous title. Atlas’ attempted superhero revival was a commercial failure,^[18] and the character’s title was canceled with Captain America #78 (Sept. 1954).

Silver and Bronze Age

In the Human Torch story titled «Captain America» in Marvel Comics’ Strange Tales #114 (Nov. 1963),^[19] writer-editor Stan Lee and artist and co-plotter Jack Kirby depicted the brash young Fantastic Four member Johnny Storm, the Human Torch, in an exhibition performance with Captain America, described as a legendary World War II and 1950s superhero who has returned after many years of apparent retirement. The 18-page story ends with this Captain America revealed as an impostor: it was actually the villain the Acrobat, a former circus performer the Torch had defeated in Strange Tales #106, who broke two thieves out of jail, hoping to draw the police away while trying to rob the local bank. Afterward, Storm digs out an old comic book in which Captain America is shown to be Steve Rogers. A caption in the final panel says this story was a test to see if readers would like Captain America to return. According to Lee, fan response to the tryout was very enthusiastic.^[20]

Captain America was then formally reintroduced in The Avengers #4 (March 1964),^[21] which explained that in the final days of World War II, he had fallen from an experimental drone plane into the North Atlantic Ocean and spent decades frozen in a block of ice in a state of suspended animation. The hero found a new generation of readers as leader of that superhero team. Following the success of other Marvel characters introduced during the 1960s, Captain America was recast as a hero «haunted by past memories, and trying to adapt to 1960s society».^[22]

After then guest-starring in the feature «Iron Man» in Tales of Suspense #58 (Oct. 1964), Captain America gained his own solo feature in that «split book», beginning the following issue.^[23] Issue #63 (March 1965), which retold Captain America’s origin, through issue #71 (Nov. 1965) was a period feature set during World War II and co-starred Captain America’s Golden Age sidekick, Bucky. Kirby drew all but two of the stories in Tales of Suspense, which became Captain America with #100 (April 1968);^[24] Gil Kane and John Romita Sr., each filled in once. Several stories were finished by penciller-inker George Tuska over Kirby layouts, with one finished by Romita Sr. and another by penciller Dick Ayers and inker John Tartaglione. Kirby’s regular inkers on the series were Frank Giacoia (as «Frank Ray») and Joe Sinnott, though Don Heck and Golden Age Captain America artist Syd Shores inked one story each. A story in issue #155-157 revealed the 1950s «Commie Smasher» Captain America and Bucky to be imposters.

This series – considered Captain America volume one by comics researchers and historians,^[25] following the 1940s Captain America Comics and its 1950s numbering continuation of Tales of Suspense – ended with #454 (Aug. 1996).

This series was almost immediately followed by the 13-issue Captain America vol. 2 (Nov. 1996 – Nov. 1997, part of the «Heroes Reborn» crossover),^[26] the 50-issue Captain America vol. 3 (Jan. 1998 – Feb. 2002),^[27] the 32-issue Captain America vol. 4 (June 2002 – Dec. 2004),^[28] and Captain America vol. 5 (Jan. 2005 – Aug. 2011).^[29] Beginning with the 600th overall issue (Aug. 2009), Captain America resumed its original numbering, as if the series numbering had continued uninterrupted after #454.

Modern Age

As part of the aftermath of Marvel Comics’ company-crossover storyline «Civil War», Steve Rogers was ostensibly killed in Captain America vol. 5, #25 (March 2007). The storyline of Rogers’ return began in issue #600.^[30][31] Rogers, who was not dead but caroming through time, returned to the present day in the six-issue miniseries Captain America: Reborn (Sept. 2009 – March 2010).^[32]

After Rogers’ return, Barnes, at Rogers’ insistence, continued as Captain America, beginning in the one-shot comic Captain America: Who Will Wield the Shield? (Feb. 2010). While Bucky Barnes continued adventuring in the pages of Captain America, Steve Rogers received his own miniseries (Steve Rogers: Super-Soldier) as well as taking on the leadership position in a new Secret Avengers ongoing series. Spinoff series included Captain America Sentinel of Liberty (Sept. 1998 – Aug. 1999) and Captain America and the Falcon (May 2004 – June 2005). The 1940s Captain America appeared alongside the 1940s Human Torch and Sub-Mariner in the 12-issue miniseries Avengers/Invaders.^[33][34] The 2007 mini-series Captain America: The Chosen, written by David Morrell and penciled by Mitchell Breitweiser, depicts a dying Steve Rogers’ final minutes, at S.H.I.E.L.D. headquarters, as his spirit guides James Newman, a young American Marine fighting in Afghanistan. The Chosen is not part of the main Marvel Universe continuity.^[35][36]

During the «Two Americas» storyline that ran in issues #602-605, the series drew controversy for the similarity between protesters depicted in the comic and the Tea Party movement. Particularly drawing scorn was a panel of a protester holding sign that read «Tea Bag the Libs Before They Tea Bag You!»^[37] Also drawing controversy were remarks made by the Falcon implying that the crowd is racist.^[38] In his column on Comic Book Resources, Marvel Comics Editor-in-Chief Joe Quesada apologized for the sign, claiming that it was a mistake, added by the letterer at the last minute.^[39]

The character, first as agent Steve Rogers and later after resuming his identity as Captain America, appeared as a regular character throughout the 2010–2013 Avengers series, from issue #1 (July 2010) through its final issue #34 (January 2013). The character appeared as agent Steve Rogers as a regular character in the 2010–2013 Secret Avengers series, from issue #1 (July 2010) through issue #21 (March 2012); the character made guest appearances as Captain America in issues #21.1, #22–23, #35, and the final issue of the series #37 (March 2013). Marvel stated in May 2011 that Rogers, following the public death of Bucky Barnes in the Fear Itself miniseries, would resume his Captain America identity in a sixth volume of Captain America, by writer Ed Brubaker and artist Steve McNiven.^[40][41]

The Captain America title continued from issue #620 featuring team up stories with Bucky (#620-#628),^[42] Hawkeye (#629-#632),^[43] Iron Man (#633–635),^[44] Namor (#635.1),^[45] and Black Widow (#636-#640),^[46] and the title ended its print run with issue #640. Captain America is a regular character in Uncanny Avengers (2012), beginning with issue #1 as part of Marvel NOW!. Captain America vol. 7 was launched in November 2012 with a January 2013 cover date by writer Rick Remender and artist John Romita Jr.^[47]

On July 16, 2014, Marvel Comics announced that the mantle of Captain America would be passed on by Rogers (who in the most recent storyline has been turned into a 90-year-old man) to his long-time ally The Falcon, with the series being relaunched as All-New Captain America.^[48] Marvel announced that Rogers will become Captain America once again in the comic series Captain America: Steve Rogers.^[49] This new series follows the events of «Avengers: Standoff!,» in which Captain America is restored to his youthful state following an encounter with the sentient Cosmic Cube, Kobik, and his past is drastically rewritten under the instructions of the Red Skull.

Afterwards, Captain America plots to set himself and Hydra in a position where they can conquer America in Marvel’s event «Secret Empire».^[50] This is an alternate timeline Captain America who is fond of Nazis, joining Hydra before World War II, and was later defeated by numerous superheroes during Hydra’s takeover of the United States. Following this, the original Rogers returns as Captain America and Wilson returns as the Falcon. As part of Marvel’s Fresh Start rebrand, a new Captain America series starring Rogers and written by Ta-Nehisi Coates and art by Leinil Francis Yu. The series ran from July 2018 to June 2021, the 80th anniversary of the character.

Legal status

In 1966, Joe Simon sued the owners of Marvel Comics, asserting that he—not Marvel—was legally entitled to renew the copyright upon the expiration of the original 28-year term. The two parties settled out of court, with Simon agreeing to a statement that the character had been created under terms of employment by the publisher, and therefore it was work for hire owned by them.^[51]

In 1999, Simon filed to claim the copyright to Captain America under a provision of the Copyright Act of 1976, which allowed the original creators of works that had been sold to corporations to reclaim them after the original 56-year copyright term (but not the longer term enacted by the new legislation) had expired. Marvel Entertainment challenged the claim, arguing that the settlement of Simon’s 1966 suit made the character ineligible for termination of the copyright transfer. Simon and Marvel settled out of court in 2003, in a deal that paid Simon royalties for merchandising and licensing use of the character.^[51][52]

Fictional character biography

20th century

1940s

Steven Rogers was born in the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York City, in 1920 to poor Irish immigrants, Sarah and Joseph Rogers.^[53] Joseph died when Steve was a child, and Sarah died of pneumonia while Steve was a teen. By early 1940, before America’s entry into World War II, Rogers is a tall, scrawny fine arts student specializing in illustration and a comic book writer and artist.

Disturbed by the devastation of Europe by the Nazis, Rogers attempts to enlist but is rejected due to his frail body. His resolution attracts the notice of U.S. Army General Chester Phillips and «Project: Rebirth». Rogers is used as a test subject for the Super-Soldier project, receiving a special serum made by «Dr. Josef Reinstein»,^[54][55] later retroactively changed to a code name for the scientist Abraham Erskine.^[56]

The serum is a success and transforms Steve Rogers into a nearly perfect human being with peak strength, agility, stamina, and intelligence. The success of the program leaves Erskine wondering about replicating the experiment on other human beings.^[55] The process itself has been inconsistently detailed: While in the original material Rogers is shown receiving injections of the Super-Serum, when the origin was retold in the 1960s, the Comic Code Authority had already put a veto over graphic description of drug intake and abuse, and thus the Super-Serum was retconned into an oral formula.^[57] A later revision of the origin had Dr. Erskine subject Rogers to a special radiological treatment where the subject is bombarded by Vita-Rays to safely activate and stabilize the drug treatment on Rogers’ physiology.^[58]

Erskine refused to write down every crucial element of the treatment, leaving behind a flawed, imperfect knowledge of the steps. Thus, when the Nazi spy Heinz Kruger killed him, Erskine’s method of creating new Super-Soldiers died. Captain America, in his first act after his transformation, avenges Erskine. In the 1941 origin story and in Tales of Suspense #63, Kruger dies when running into machinery but is not killed by Rogers; in the Captain America #109 and #255 revisions, Rogers causes the spy’s death by punching him into machinery.^[55]

Unable to create new Super-Soldiers and willing to hide the Project Rebirth fiasco, the American government casts Rogers as a patriotic superhero, able to counter the menace of the Red Skull as a counter-intelligence agent. He is supplied with a patriotic uniform of his own design,^[53] a bulletproof shield, a personal side arm, and the codename Captain America, while posing as a clumsy infantry private at Camp Lehigh in Virginia. He forms a friendship with the camp’s teenage mascot, James Buchanan «Bucky» Barnes.^[54]

Barnes learns of Rogers’ dual identity and offers to keep the secret if he can become Captain America’s sidekick. During their adventures, Franklin D. Roosevelt presents Captain America with a new shield, forged from an alloy of steel and vibranium, fused by an unknown catalyst, so effective that it replaces his own firearm.^[56] Throughout World War II, Captain America and Bucky fight the Nazi menace both on their own and as members of the superhero team the Invaders as seen in the 1970s comic of the same name.^[59] Captain America fights in numerous battles in World War II, primarily as a member of 1st Battalion, 26th Infantry Regiment «Blue Spaders».^[60] Captain America battles a number of criminal menaces on American soil, including a wide variety of costumed villains: the Wax Man,^[61] the Hangman,^[62] the Fang,^[63] the Black Talon,^[64] and the White Death,^[65] among others.

In addition to Bucky, Captain America was occasionally assisted by the Sentinels of Liberty.^[66] Sentinels of Liberty was the title given to members of the Captain America Comics fan club who Captain America sometimes addressed as an aside, or as characters in the Captain America Comics stories.

In late April 1945, during the closing days of World War II, Captain America and Bucky try to stop the villainous Baron Zemo from destroying an experimental drone plane. Zemo launches the plane with an armed explosive on it with Rogers and Barnes in hot pursuit. The pair reaches the plane just before takeoff. When Bucky tries to defuse the bomb, it explodes in mid-air. Rogers is hurled into the freezing waters of the North Atlantic. Both are presumed dead, though it is later revealed that neither had died.^[67]

Late 1940s to 1950s

Captain America appeared in comics for the next few years, changing from World War II-era hero fighting the Nazis to confronting the United States’ newest enemy, Communism. The revival of the character in the mid-1950s was short-lived, and events during that time period are later retconned to show that multiple people operated using the code name to explain the changes in the character. These post World War II successors are listed as William Naslund and Jeffrey Mace. They are assisted by Fred Davis continuing the role of Bucky.

The last of these other official Captains, William Burnside,^[68] was a history graduate enamored with the Captain America mythos, having his appearance surgically altered to resemble Rogers and legally changing his name to «Steve Rogers», becoming the new «1950s Captain America».^[69] He administered to himself and his pupil James «Jack» Monroe a flawed, incomplete copy of the Super-Serum, which made no mention about the necessary Vita-Ray portion of the treatment. As a result, while Burnside and Monroe became the new Captain America and Bucky, they became violently paranoid, often raving about innocent people being communist sympathizers during the height of the Red Scare of the 1950s. Their insanity forced the U.S. government to place them in indefinite cryogenic storage until they could be cured of their mental illness.^[70] Monroe would later be cured and assume the Nomad identity.^[71]

1960s to 1970s

Years later, the superhero team the Avengers composed by Iron Man Giant-Man, Wasp and Thor discovers Steve Rogers’ body in the North Atlantic. After he revives, they piece together that Rogers has been preserved in a block of ice since 1945, surviving because of his enhancements from Project: Rebirth. The block began to melt after the Sub-Mariner, enraged that an Inuit tribe is worshipping the frozen figure, throws it into the ocean.^[67] Rogers accepts membership in the Avengers, and his experience in individual combat service and his time with the Invaders makes him a valuable asset. He quickly assumes leadership^[72] and has typically returned to that position throughout the team’s history.

Captain America is plagued by guilt for having been unable to prevent Bucky’s death. Although he takes the young Rick Jones (who closely resembles Bucky) under his tutelage, he refuses for some time to allow Jones to take up the Bucky identity, not wishing to be responsible for another youth’s death. Insisting that his hero move on from that loss, Jones convinces Rogers to let him don the Bucky costume,^[73] but this partnership lasts only a short time; a disguised Red Skull, impersonating Rogers with the help of the Cosmic Cube, drives Jones away.

Rogers reunites with his old war comrade Nick Fury, who is similarly well-preserved due to the «Infinity Formula». As a result, Rogers regularly undertakes missions for the security agency S.H.I.E.L.D., for which Fury is public director.^[74] Through Fury, Rogers befriends Sharon Carter, a S.H.I.E.L.D. agent,^[75] with whom he eventually begins a romantic relationship.

Rogers later meets and trains Sam Wilson, who becomes the superhero the Falcon,^[76] the first African-American superhero in mainstream comic books.^[77][78] The characters established an enduring friendship and adventuring partnership, sharing the series title for some time as Captain America and the Falcon.^[79] The two later encounter the revived but still insane 1950s Captain America.^{[69][70][80][81][82]} Although Rogers and the Falcon defeat the faux Rogers and Jack Monroe, Rogers becomes deeply disturbed that he could have suffered his counterpart’s fate. During this period, Rogers temporarily gains super strength.^[83]

The series dealt with the Marvel Universe’s version of the Watergate scandal,^[84][85][86] making Rogers so uncertain about his role that he abandons his Captain America identity in favor of one called Nomad,^[87] emphasizing the word’s meaning as «man without a country». During this time, several men unsuccessfully assume the Captain America identity.^[88] Rogers eventually re-assumes it after coming to consider that the identity could be a symbol of American ideals and not its government; it’s a personal conviction epitomized when he later confronted a corrupt Army officer attempting to manipulate him by appealing to his loyalty, «I’m loyal to nothing, General  … except the [American] Dream.» Jack Monroe, cured of his mental instability, later takes up the Nomad alias.^[89] Sharon Carter is believed to have been killed while under the mind control of Dr. Faustus.^[90]

1980s to 1990s

The 1980s included a run by writer Roger Stern and artist John Byrne. Stern had Rogers consider a run for President of the United States in Captain America #250 (June 1980),^[91] an idea originally developed by Roger McKenzie and Don Perlin. Stern, in his capacity as editor of the title, originally rejected the idea but later changed his mind about the concept.^[92][93] McKenzie and Perlin received credit for the idea on the letters page at Stern’s insistence.^[94] Stern additionally introduced a new love interest, law student Bernie Rosenthal, in Captain America #248 (Aug. 1980).^[95]

Writer J. M. DeMatteis revealed the true face and full origin of the Red Skull in Captain America #298–300, and had Captain America take on Jack Monroe, Nomad, as a partner for a time.^[89] The heroes gathered by the Beyonder elect Rogers as leader during their stay on Battleworld.^[96] Homophobia is dealt with as Rogers runs into a childhood friend named Arnold Roth who is gay.^[97][98]

Mark Gruenwald became the writer of the series with issue #307 (July 1985) and wrote 137 issues for 10 consecutive years from until #443 (Sept. 1995),^[99] the most issues by any single author in the character’s history. Gruenwald created several new foes, including Crossbones and the Serpent Society. Other Gruenwald characters included Diamondback,^[100] Super Patriot,^[101] and Demolition Man.^[102] Gruenwald explored numerous political and social themes as well, such as extreme idealism when Captain America fights the anti-nationalist terrorist Flag-Smasher;^[103] and vigilantism when he hunts the murderous Scourge of the Underworld.^[104]

Rogers receives a large back-pay reimbursement dating back to his disappearance at the end of World War II, and a government commission orders him to work directly for the U.S. government. Already troubled by the corruption he had encountered with the Nuke incident in New York City, where the gangster supervillain, The Kingpin, used his corrupted contacts in the US military to have the psychopathic test subject of a secret failed attempt to recreate Project Rebirth’s body enhancements, Nuke, attack Hell’s Kitchen in a murderous rampage to draw Daredevil out of hiding^[105] Rogers chooses instead to resign his identity,^[106][107] and then takes the alias of «the Captain».^[108] A replacement Captain America, John Walker, struggles to emulate Rogers’ ideals until pressure from hidden enemies helps to drive Walker insane. Rogers returns to the Captain America identity^[109] while a recovered Walker becomes the U.S. Agent.^[110]

Sometime afterward, Rogers avoids the explosion of a methamphetamine lab, but the drug triggers a chemical reaction in the Super Soldier Serum in his system. To combat the reaction, Rogers has the serum removed from his body and trains constantly to maintain his physical condition.^[111] A retcon later establishes that the serum was not a drug per se, which would have metabolized out of his system, but in fact a virus-like organism that effected a biochemical and genetic change. This additionally explained how nemesis the Red Skull, who at the time inhabited a body cloned from Rogers’ cells, has the formula in his body.

Because of his altered biochemistry, Rogers’ body begins to deteriorate, and for a time he must wear a powered exoskeleton and is eventually placed again in suspended animation. During this time, he is given a transfusion of blood from the Red Skull, which cures his condition and stabilizes the Super-Soldier virus in his system. Captain America returns to crime fighting and the Avengers.^[112][113]

Following Gruenwald’s departure from the series, Mark Waid took over and resurrected Sharon Carter as Cap’s love interest. The title was then relaunched under Rob Liefeld as Cap became part of the Heroes Reborn universe for 13 issues^[114] before another relaunch restored Waid to the title^[115] in an arc that saw Cap lose his shield for a time using an energy based shield as a temporary replacement. Following Waid’s run, Dan Jurgens took over and introduced new foe Protocide, a failed recipient of the Super Soldier Serum prior to the experiment that successfully created Rogers. Some time after this, Rogers’ original shield was retrieved, but subtle damage sustained during the battle with the Beyonder resulted in it being shattered and a ‘vibranium cancer’ being triggered that would destroy all vibranium in the world, with Rogers nearly being forced to destroy the shield before a confrontation with the villain Klaw saw Klaw’s attacks unwittingly repair the shield’s fractured molecular bonds and negate cancer.^[116]

21st century

2000s

In the aftermath of the September 11 terrorist attacks, Rogers reveals his identity to the world and establishes a residence in the Red Hook neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York, as seen in Captain America vol. 4, #1–7 (June 2002 – Feb. 2003).^[117] Following the disbandment of the Avengers in the «Avengers Disassembled» story arc, Rogers, now employed by S.H.I.E.L.D., discovers Bucky is alive, having been saved and deployed by the Soviets as the Winter Soldier. Rogers resumes his on-again, off-again relationship with S.H.I.E.L.D. agent Sharon Carter. After a mass supervillain break-out of the Raft, Rogers and Tony Stark assemble a new team of Avengers to hunt the escapees.

In the 2006–2007 company-wide story arc «Civil War», Rogers opposes the new mandatory federal registration of super-powered beings, and leads the underground anti-registration movement. After significant rancor and danger to the public as the two sides clash, Captain America voluntarily surrenders and orders the Anti-Registration forces to stand down, feeling that the fight has reached a point where the principle originally cited by the anti-registration forces has been lost.^[118]

In the story arc «The Death of Captain America», Rogers is fatally shot by Sharon Carter, whose actions are manipulated by the villain Dr. Faustus.^[119][120] The miniseries Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America #1–5 (June–Aug. 2007) examines the reaction of the stunned superhero community to Rogers’ assassination, with each of the five issues focusing a different character’s reaction. Bucky takes on the mantle of Captain America, per Rogers’ antemortem request.^[121][122]

Captain America: Reborn #1 (Aug. 2009) reveals that Rogers did not die, as the gun Sharon Carter had been hypnotized into firing at Rogers caused his consciousness to phase in and out of space and time, appearing at various points in his lifetime. Although Rogers manages to relay a message to the future by giving a time-delayed command to the Vision during the Kree-Skrull War, the Skull returns Rogers to the present, where he takes control of Rogers’ mind and body. Rogers eventually regains control, and, with help from his allies, defeats the Skull.^[123] In the subsequent one-shot comic Captain America: Who Will Wield the Shield?, Rogers formally grants Bucky his Captain America shield and asks him to continue as Captain America. The President of the United States grants Rogers a full pardon for his anti-registration actions.

2010s

Following the company-wide «Dark Reign» and «Siege» story arcs, the Steve Rogers character became part of the «Heroic Age» arc.^[124]

The President of the United States appoints Rogers, in his civilian identity, as «America’s top cop» and head of the nation’s security,^[125] replacing Norman Osborn as the tenth Executive Director of S.H.I.E.L.D.. The Superhuman Registration Act is repealed and Rogers re-establishes the superhero team the Avengers, spearheaded by Iron Man, Thor, and Bucky as Captain America.^{[volume & issue needed]} In the miniseries Steve Rogers: Super Soldier, he encounters Jacob Erskine, the grandson of Professor Abraham Erskine and the son of Tyler Paxton, one of Rogers’ fellow volunteers in the Super-Soldier program.^{[volume & issue needed]} Shortly afterward, Rogers becomes leader of the Secret Avengers, a black-ops superhero team.^{[volume & issue needed]}

During the Fear Itself storyline, Steve Rogers is present when the threat of the Serpent is known.^[126] Following the apparent death of Bucky at the hands of Sin (in the form of Skadi), Steve Rogers changes into his Captain America uniform.^[127] When the Avengers and the New Avengers are fighting Skadi, the Serpent joins the battle and breaks Captain America’s shield with his bare hands.^[128] Captain America and the Avengers teams form a militia for a last stand against the forces of the Serpent.^[129] In the final battle, Captain America uses Thor’s hammer to fight Skadi until Thor manages to kill the Serpent. In the aftermath, Iron Man presents him with his reforged shield, now stronger for its uru-infused enhancements despite the scar it bears.^[130] It is then revealed that Captain America, Nick Fury, and Black Widow are the only ones who know that Bucky actually survived the fight with Skadi as Bucky resumes his identity as Winter Soldier.^[131]

During the «Spider-Island» storyline, Captain America had been captured turned into the Spider King by Spider Queen and Jackal.^[132] He was restored to normal following his fight with Venom.^[133][134]

In the Avengers vs. X-Men story arc, Captain America attempts to apprehend Hope Summers of the X-Men. She is the targeted vessel for the Phoenix Force, a destructive cosmic entity. Captain America believes that this Phoenix Force is too dangerous to entrust in one person and seeks to prevent Hope from having it. Cyclops and the X-Men believe that the Phoenix Force will save their race, and oppose Captain America’s wishes.^[135] The result is a series of battles that eventually take both teams to the blue area of the moon.^[136] The Phoenix Force eventually possesses the five X-Men present, leaving the Avengers at an extreme disadvantage.^[137] The Phoenix Five, who become corrupted by the power of the Phoenix, are eventually defeated and scattered, with Cyclops imprisoned for turning the world into a police state and murdering Charles Xavier after being pushed too far, only for him to note that, in the end, he was proven right about the Phoenix’s intentions.^[138] From there, Captain America proceeds to assemble the Avengers Unity Squad, a new team of Avengers composed of both classic Avengers and X-Men.^[139]

After Cyclops was incarcerated, and Steve accepted the Avengers should have done more to help mutants, and allowed the world to hate them, he started planning a new sub-team of Avengers in the hopes of unifying mutant and humankind alike. He chose Havok to lead his team and become the new face to represent mutants as Professor X and Cyclops once were.^{[volume & issue needed]}

Their first threat was the return of the Red Skull- more specifically, a clone of the Skull created in 1942 and kept in stasis in the event of the original’s death- who usurped Professor X’s body to provide himself with telepathic powers, which he would use to provoke citizens of New York into a mass assault against mutants, or anyone who could be one, and force the Scarlet Witch and Rogue to allow themselves to be attacked. With the help of the S-Man Honest John, he managed to even manipulate Thor.^{[volume & issue needed]}

The Red Skull’s skills were still erratic, and could not completely control Captain America, an attack against him was enough of a distraction to lose control of Rogue and the Scarlet Witch. After being overpowered by the rest of the Uncanny Avengers, the Red Skull escapes, but promises to return. In the aftermath, both Rogue and the Scarlet Witch joined the team.^{[volume & issue needed]}

During a battle with an enemy called the Iron Nail, the Super Soldier Serum within Rogers’s body was neutralized, causing him to age rapidly to match his chronological age of over 90 years.^[140] No longer able to take part in field missions but retaining his sharp mind, Rogers decided to take on a role as mission coordinator, organizing the Avengers’ plans of attack from the mansion, while appointing Sam Wilson as his official «replacement» as Captain America.^[141]

When various Avengers and X-Men were inverted into villains and several villains inverted into heroism due to a miscast spell by the Scarlet Witch and Doctor Doom,^[142] Rogers not only coordinated the efforts of Spider-Man and the inverted villains, now called the «Astonishing Avengers»,^[143] but also donned his old armor to battle the inverted Falcon,^[144] until the heroes and villains could be returned to normal with the aid of the White Skull (the inverted Red Skull).^[145]

During the «Time Runs Out» storyline, Steve Rogers wears armor when he confronts Iron Man. The ensuing fight led Steve Rogers to force Iron Man to admit that he had lied to him and all of their allies, when he had known about the incursions between alternate Earths all along, but Iron Man also confessed that he would not change a thing. The final incursion started and Earth-1610 started approaching Earth-616 while Iron Man and Steve Rogers kept fighting. Earth-1610’s S.H.I.E.L.D. launched a full invasion to destroy Earth-616, where Tony Stark and Steve Rogers were crushed by a Helicarrier.^[146]

As part of the All-New, All-Different Marvel, Steve Rogers became the new Chief of Civilian Oversight for S.H.I.E.L.D.^[147] He returned to the Uncanny Avengers where the team is now using the Schaefer Theater as their headquarters.^[148]

Steve Rogers later has an encounter with an alternate Logan from Earth-807128. After defeating Logan and bringing him to Alberta, Canada, Rogers tried to «reassure» Logan that this was not «his» past by showing him the adamantium-frozen body of Earth-616’s Logan. This sight reminds Logan of the need to enjoy being alive rather than brooding over the ghosts of his past. Although he told Steve Rogers what he had experienced in his timeline, Logan declined Steve’s offer of help.^[149]

Alternate timeline Hydra duplicate

During the 2016 «Avengers: Standoff!» storyline, Steve Rogers learns from Rick Jones that S.H.I.E.L.D. has established Pleasant Hill, a gated community where they use Kobik to transform villains into ordinary citizens. When Rogers is brought to Pleasant Hill, he confronts Maria Hill about the Kobik project. Their argument is interrupted when Baron Helmut Zemo and Fixer restore the inmates to normal.^[150] After Hill is injured, Rogers convinces Zemo to let Hill get medical attention. Rogers is then escorted to Dr. Erik Selvig’s clinic by Father Patrick. Selvig tells Rogers that Kobik is at the Pleasant Hill Bowling Alley. During an attempt to reason with Kobik, Rogers is attacked by Crossbones. Before Rogers can be killed, Kobik uses her abilities to restore him back to his prime. Declaring that «It’s good to be back,» Steve defeats Crossbones as Captain America and the Winter Soldier catch up with him.^[151] They resume their search for Kobik, and discover that Baron Zemo had Fixer invent a device that would make Kobik subservient to them. Rogers rallies the heroes so that they can take the fight to Zemo.^[152] In the aftermath of the incident, Steve and Sam plan to keep what happened at Pleasant Hill under wraps for the time being.^[153]

In Captain America: Steve Rogers #1 (July 2016), the final panel apparently revealed that Rogers has been a Hydra double-agent since his early youth.^{[154][155][156]} This is subsequently revealed to be the result of Kobik’s restoration of Rogers’ youth, as she had been taught by the Red Skull that Hydra was good for the world, and having the mind of a four-year-old child, Kobik changed reality so that Rogers would be the greatest man he could be: believing Hydra to be good, Kobik permanently altered his memories so that Rogers believed that he had always been a member of Hydra.^[157][158] Some of Rogers’ original heroic attributes remain intact, such as covering the death of another Hydra member within S.H.I.E.L.D., Erik Selvig, as well as knowing of Jack Flag’s tragic life and his immortality, which is why Steve pushes him from Zemo’s airplane (resulting in coma, not death). Additionally, it is revealed that Rogers’ abusive father, Joseph, was actually killed by Hydra, and that Hydra deceived him into thinking Joseph died of a heart attack.^[159] It is also revealed that Rogers witnessed his mother, Sarah, being killed by Sinclair’s Hydra goons and kidnapped him, which is the reason why Steve held a grudge towards Hydra’s evilness and plans to kill the Red Skull’s clone and restore Hydra’s lost honor.^[160] As part of his long-term plans, Steve further compromised Sam Wilson’s current image as ‘the’ Captain America by using his greater familiarity with the shield to deliberately put Wilson in a position where he would be unable to use the shield to save a senator from Flag-Smasher, with the final goal of demoralizing Sam to the point where he will return the shield to Rogers of his own free will, not wanting to kill Wilson and risk creating a martyr.^[161]

During the 2016 «Civil War II» storyline, with the discovery of new Inhuman Ulysses – who has the ability to «predict» the future by calculating complex patterns – Rogers has set out to prevent Ulysses from learning of his true plans and allegiance. Rogers does this by «forcing» certain predictions on him, such as anonymously providing Bruce Banner with new gamma research to provoke a vision that would drive the Avengers to kill Banner, although this plan has apparently backfired with a recent vision showing the new Spider-Man standing over the dead Steve Rogers.^[162][163] Despite this revelation, Rogers presents himself as the voice of reason by allowing Spider-Man to flee with Thor. This inspires doubt in Tony Stark for his current stance by suggesting that he is just acting against Danvers because he does not like being top dog.^[164] He then goes to Washington, D.C., the location seen in Ulysses’ vision, to talk to Spider-Man, who was trying to understand the vision like he was. When Captain Marvel attempts to arrest Spider-Man, Tony, wearing the War Machine armor, confronts her and the two begin to fight.^[165]

Later, Rogers goes to Sokovia and joins forces with Black Widow to liberate freedom fighters from a prison so they can reclaim their country. After that, he goes to his base where Doctor Selvig expresses concern of his plan to kill the Red Skull. He then reveals that he has Baron Zemo in a cell, planning to recruit him.^[166] He eventually kills the Skull after the villain is captured by the Unity Squad and the Xavier brain fragment extracted by the Beast, Rogers throwing the Skull out of a window over a cliff after Sin and Crossbones affirm their new allegiance to Rogers, Hydra Supreme.^[167]

In the 2017 «Secret Empire» storyline, Rogers, as the head of S.H.I.E.L.D, uses a subsequent alien invasion and a mass supervillain assault in order to seize control of the United States. He neutralizes the superheroes that might oppose him,^[168] and seeks the Cosmic Cube to bring about a reality in which Hydra won World War II.^[169] When Rick smuggles information about the Cube’s rewriting of Rogers’ reality to the remaining free Avengers, a disheveled, bearded man in a torn World War II army uniform appears who introduces himself as Steve Rogers.^[170] As the Avengers and Hydra search for fragments of the shattered Cube, it is revealed that this amnesic Steve Rogers is actually a manifestation of Rogers existing within the Cube itself, created by Kobik’s memories of Rogers before he was converted to Hydra, as she comes to recognize that her decision to ‘rewrite’ Rogers as an agent of Hydra was wrong.^[171] Although Hydra Supreme Rogers is able to mostly reassemble the Cosmic Cube, Sam Wilson and Bucky are able to use a fragment of the cube to restore the ‘memory’ of pre-Hydra Rogers in the Cube to corporeal existence, allowing him to defeat his Hydra self, subsequently using the Cube to undo most of the damage caused by Hydra manipulating reality even if the physical damage remains.^[172] ‘Hydra Cap’ continues to exist as a separate entity and is kept trapped in a prison where he is the only inmate, mocking the restored Rogers about the challenge he will face rebuilding his reputation. For himself, Rogers muses that this troubling affair has a silver lining, that this experience will teach everyone not to place such blind trust in another.^[173] Not long after, he received a pardon due to a disinformation campaign to paint the non-Hydra Steve Rogers as the Supreme Leader, but as he was leaving his prison he was ambushed and killed by Selene.^[174]

Powers and abilities

Tactician and field commander

Rogers’ battle experience and military training make him an expert tactician and field commander, with his teammates frequently deferring to his orders in battle. The Avengers, X-Men, Fantastic Four, and other heroes choose Rogers as their leader during the Secret Wars; Thor says that Rogers is one of the very few mortals he will take orders from, and follow «through the gates of Hades».^[96]

Rogers has blended aikido, boxing,^[175] judo,^[176][177] karate,^[177][178] jujutsu, kickboxing, and gymnastics into his own unique fighting style and is a master of multiple martial arts. Years of practice with his near-indestructible shield make him able to aim and throw it with almost unerring accuracy. His skill with his shield is such that he can attack multiple targets in succession with a single throw or even cause a boomerang-like return from a throw to attack an enemy from behind. In canon, he is regarded by other skilled fighters as one of the best hand-to-hand combatants in the Marvel Universe, limited only by his human physique.^[179][180] Although the Super Soldier Serum is an important part of his strength, Rogers has shown himself still sufficiently capable against stronger opponents, even when the serum has been deactivated reverting him to his pre-Captain America physique.^[181]

Stan Lee claimed that he’d «always been fascinated by the fact that, although Captain America has the least spectacular super-power of all, the mantle of leadership falls naturally upon him, as though he was born to command… Cap is one of the hardest hero characters to write, because the writer cannot use some exotic super-power to make his episodes seem colorful… All he has to serve him are his extraordinary combat skills, his shield, and his unquenchable love for freedom and justice.»^[182]

Rogers has vast U.S. military knowledge and is often shown to be familiar with ongoing, classified Defense Department operations. He is an expert in combat strategy, survival, acrobatics, parkour, military strategy, piloting, and demolitions. Despite his high profile as one of the world’s most popular and recognizable superheroes, Rogers has a broad understanding of the espionage community, largely through his ongoing relationship with S.H.I.E.L.D.

Super Soldier Serum

Steve Rogers is often considered to be the pinnacle of human potential and constantly operates at peak (and often beyond peak) physical performance due to his enhancement via the Super Soldier Serum. The Super Soldier Serum enhances all of his metabolic functions and prevents the build-up of fatigue poisons in his muscles, giving him endurance far in excess of an ordinary human being. This accounts for many of his extraordinary feats, including bench pressing 1,100 pounds (500 kg) as a warm-up,^[183] vision and reflexes fast enough to dodge bullets,^[184] and running a mile (1.6 km) in less than a minute (60 mph/97 km/h, easily exceeding the maximum speed achieved by the best human sprinters).^[185] Furthermore, his enhancements are the reason why he was able to survive being frozen in suspended animation for decades. He is highly resistant to hypnosis or gases that could limit his focus.^[186] The secrets of creating a super-soldier were lost with the death of its creator, Dr. Abraham Erskine.^[57] All attempts to recreate Erskine’s treatment have failed, often creating psychopathic supervillains of which Captain America’s 1950s imitator and Nuke are examples.

Artist

Rogers is a skilled freelance commercial artist.^[187] He has drawn the Captain America comic book published by Marvel Comics within the Marvel Universe, sometimes grumbling that the writer does not understand the hero’s motivation.^[188]

Weapons and equipment

Shield

Captain America has used multiple shields throughout his history, the most prevalent of which is a nigh-indestructible disc-shaped shield made from a unique combination of Vibranium, Steel alloy, and an unknown third component that has never been duplicated called Proto-Adamantium.^[189][190] The shield was cast by American metallurgist Dr. Myron MacLain, who was contracted by the U.S. government, from orders of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, to create an impenetrable substance to use for tanks during World War II.^[189] This alloy was created by accident and never duplicated, although efforts to reverse-engineer it resulted in the discovery of adamantium.^[191]

Captain America often uses his shield as an offensive throwing weapon. The first instance of Captain America’s trademark ricocheting shield-toss occurs in Stan Lee’s first comics writing, the two-page text story «Captain America Foils the Traitor’s Revenge» in Captain America Comics #3 (May 1941).^[13] The legacy of the shield among other comics characters includes the time-traveling mutant superhero Cable telling Captain America that his shield still exists in one of the possible futures; Cable carries it into battle and brandishes it as a symbol.^[192]

When without his trademark shield, Captain America sometimes uses other shields made from less durable metals such as steel,^[193] or even a photonic energy shield designed to mimic a vibranium matrix.^[194] Rogers, having relinquished his regular shield to Barnes, carried a variant of the energy shield which can be used with either arm, and used to either block attacks or as an improvised offensive weapon able to cut through metal with relative ease.^[195] Much like his Vibranium shield, the energy shield can be thrown, including ricocheting off multiple surfaces and returning to his hand.^[196]

Uniform

Captain America’s uniform is made of a fire-retardant material, and he wears a lightweight, bulletproof duralumin scale armor beneath his uniform for added protection.^[56] Originally, Rogers’ mask was a separate piece of material, but an early engagement had it dislodged, thus almost exposing his identity. To prevent a recurrence of the situation, Rogers modified the mask with connecting material to his uniform, an added benefit of which was extending his armor to cover his previously exposed neck. As a member of the Avengers, Rogers has an Avengers priority card, which serves as a communications device.

Motorcycle

Captain America has used a custom specialized motorcycle, modified by the S.H.I.E.L.D. weapons laboratory, as well as a custom-built battle van, constructed by the Wakanda Design Group with the ability to change its color for disguise purposes (red, white and blue), and fitted to store and conceal the custom motorcycle in its rear section with a frame that allows Rogers to launch from the vehicle riding it.

Antagonists

Captain America has faced numerous foes in over 70 years of published adventures. Many of his recurring foes embody ideologies contrary to the American values that Captain America is shown to strive for and believes in. Some examples of these opposing values are Nazism (Red Skull, Baron Zemo), neo-Nazism (Crossbones, Doctor Faustus), technocratic fascism (AIM, Arnim Zola), Communism (Aleksander Lukin), amoral capitalism (Roxxon Energy Corporation), anti-patriotism (Flag Smasher) and international and domestic terrorism (Hydra).

Reception

Accolades

• In 2011, IGN ranked Captain America 6th in their «Top 100 Comic Book Heroes» list.^[197]
• In 2012, IGN ranked Captain America 2nd in their «Top 50 Avengers» list.^[198]
• In 2015, Gizmodo ranked Captain America 1st in their «Every Member Of The Avengers» list.^[199]
• In 2015, Entertainment Weekly ranked Captain America 2nd in their «Let’s rank every Avenger ever» list.^[200]
• In 2016, Screen Rant ranked Captain America 20th in their «20 Most Powerful Members Of The Avengers» list.^[201]
• In 2017, CBR.com ranked Captain America 1st in their «15 Avengers Leaders» list.^[202]
• In 2018, GameSpot ranked Captain America 5th in their «50 Most Important Superheroes» list.^[203]
• In 2018, CBR.com ranked Steve Rogers’ Captain America persona 1st in their «20 Versions Of Captain America Ranked Worst To Best» list.^[204]
• In 2019, Comicbook.com ranked Captain America 6th in their «50 Most Important Superheroes Ever» list.^[205]
• In 2022, IGN ranked Captain America 1st their «25 Best Marvel Heroes in the MCU» list.^[206]
• In 2022, The A.V. Club ranked Captain America 7th in their «100 best Marvel characters» list.^[207]
• In 2022, Newsarama ranked Captain America 1st in their «Best Avengers members of all time» list.^[208]
• In 2022, Screen Rant included Captain America in their «10 Most Powerful Avengers In Marvel Comics» list.^[209]
• In 2022, CBR.com ranked Captain America 30th in their «30 Strongest Marvel Superheroes» list.^[210]

Other versions

«Captain America» is the name of several fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The first and primary character is Steve Rogers, who was created by Joe Simon and Jack Kirby. Other characters have adopted the alias over the years, most notably Bucky Barnes and Sam Wilson.

Steven Rogers (Revolutionary War Era)

Captain Steven Rogers, the 18th century Earth-616 ancestor of the World War 2 Super-Soldier serum recipient, wore a colorful costume and carried a round cast iron shield.^[211]

Bob Russo, «Scar» Turpin, and Roscoe Simmons

In a time when Rogers had abandoned the Captain America identity, Bob Russo and «Scar» Turpin appear using the alias for an issue each, but both of them quickly abandon the identity after being injured.^[212] Roscoe Simmons wears the star-spangled costume during Rogers’ time as the Nomad I, and is given the shield by Rogers. He briefly serves as the Falcon’s junior partner, but is killed by the Red Skull a mere two issues after adopting the identity.^[213]

Dave Rickford

Dave Rickford is a former special forces soldier who attained an augmentation, giving him superpowers, from Dr. Malus and the Power Broker. He becomes the new Captain America when Bucky is entangled in legal difficulties and Steve Rogers is the head of S.H.I.E.L.D. He is kidnapped by A.I.M. and rescued by Rogers, who convinces him to drop the identity.^[214]

1602

The Marvel 1602 limited series presents an alternative history, Earth-311, in which a Captain America from the late 21st century is transported to the year 1602 after the Purple Man takes over the world – his enemy wanting to dispose of Rogers in such a way that there is nothing left of him in the present to inspire others – where he assumes the identity of Rojhaz a white Native American who is presumed by the Europeans to be of Welsh ancestry. His arrival causes numerous alterations in reality, causing analogues of various Marvel Universe characters to appear in the 17th century instead, speculated by Uatu to be the result of the universe attempting to generate a means of repairing the damage caused to reality. Rogers refuses to return to the future because he wants to nurture a new United States free of prejudice from its very beginnings, but the 1602 version of Nick Fury forces him to return, accompanying him on the journey. Rogers noted that in his version of the late 21st century, he was the last true superhero and was left alone fighting his own country – the United States – which had fallen under the rule of a tyrannical life-term President.^{[volume & issue needed]}

1872

1872 is a Marvel miniseries during the Secret Wars comics featuring characters in a Western-style adventure in the small boom town of Timely. A dam constructed for mining projects is diverting water away from nearby native territories, so Red Wolf attempts to blow it up. Sheriff Steve Rogers prevents the corrupt Mayor Fisk (Kingpin) from having him killed, in order to give him a fair trial.^[215] However, as Rogers goes to help his friend Tony Stark (Iron Man) from being attacked, Red Wolf is taken and Rogers kills more of Fisk’s men, further angering the mayor. Red Wolf is denied a trial, and Fisk’s team of assassins, including Elektra (Elektra), Grizzly (Grizzly), Bullseye (Bullseye) and Otto Octavius (Doctor Octopus), are sent to kill them both. Sheriff Rogers, having Bullseye at gunpoint, attempts to rally the people of Timely into taking back their government, but is distracted and then shot by Bullseye, thrown into a pig pen by Fisk to die.^[216]

Red Wolf, taking up the role of Sheriff, Widow Barnes (Black Widow), Doctor Banner (Hulk), Carol Danvers (Captain Marvel) and Tony Stark join together to get rid of the dam, as well as avenge Steve Rogers,^[217] and they succeed in both with Banner sacrificing himself to blow up the dam, and Widow Barnes killing Fisk. The remaining characters become Sheriff Roger’s Avengers, protecting the town of Timely.^[218]

Age of Ultron

In the Age of Ultron story wherein Ultron takes over the world, Captain America is one of the few surviving heroes. He is a shattered hero whose spirit is gone and shield is broken.^[219] He and the remaining heroes are tasked with coming up with a plan to stop Ultron, which takes them to the Savage Land.^[220] Captain America travels to the future with Iron Man, Nick Fury, Red Hulk, Storm and Quicksilver in an attempt to stop Ultron with the use of Doctor Doom’s time platform,^[221] but are ambushed by Ultron drones and Captain America is decapitated.^[222]

Age of X

In the Age of X reality, Rogers was the leader of the Avengers, here a strike team intended to hunt down mutants. Although he initially believed in his mission to contain the danger that mutants could pose to the world, an encounter with a mutant ‘nursery’ protecting young children forced Rogers to recognize that he was on the wrong side, he and his team subsequently sacrificing themselves to stop the psychotic Hulk from launching a bioweapon at the mutant stronghold. Rogers’ memories were ‘stored’ by Legacy, a mutant who was able to convey his plan of using various mutants to generate force fields around the facility to cut it off from the outside world.^{[volume & issue needed]}

Amalgam Comics

In the Amalgam Comics universe, Captain America is combined with DC’s Superman to create Super-Soldier.^[223] In this reality, Clark Kent is given a Super-Soldier serum created from DNA harvested from the body of a dead baby Kal-El. The serum gives him the powers of the main universe Superman. Frozen in ice after a battle with Ultra-Metallo at the end of World War II, Super-Soldier is revived decades later and continues his fight for justice.^[224]

Avataars: Covenant of the Shield

In Avataars: Covenant of the Shield, Earth’s version of Captain America is Captain Avalon. He is the leader of the Champions of the Realm and the King of Avalon.^[225]

Bishop’s Future

In Bishop’s future the Witness, a future version of Gambit, possesses Captain America’s shattered shield.^{[volume & issue needed]}

Bullet Points

The five-issue limited series Bullet Points, written by J. Michael Straczynski and illustrated by Tommy Lee Edwards, tells of an alternative reality in which Doctor Erskine is killed the day before implementing the Captain America program. Steve Rogers, still frail, volunteers for the ‘Iron Man’ program, which bonds him to a robotic weapons-suit. He uses this to achieve victories against the Axis.^[226] Years after the end of the war, Rogers is killed in a battle with Peter Parker, who is the Hulk of that reality.^[227]

Captain America: Guardian of Freedom

A story told from the first-hand account of Rick Jones when sent back in time to the Second World War. Captured by Nazi troops, he is rescued by Captain America and Bucky. While initially believed to be shell-shocked, he convinces them that he is from the future when he reveals he knows their secret identities of Private Roger Stephenson (a brunette) and Bucky Barnes. When Barnes is murdered by the Red Skull, Jones takes his place as the new Bucky for a mission to stop Zemo’s missile. At the end, with another time jump, Jones encounters a President Stephenson who needs his help.^{[volume & issue needed]}

Captain Colonies

A member of the Captain Britain Corps, Captain Colonies (Stephen Rogers)^[228] appears in Excalibur #44. His name, combined with his membership in the Captain Britain Corps imply that in his universe, the Thirteen Colonies did not declare independence to form the United States as they did in our own universe (and most of the other Marvel universes) but instead remain part of Britain.^{[volume & issue needed]}

Cellblock Steve

In the pages of Avengers: Forever, a story called «Cellblock Steve» takes place in a cellblock containing different types of Steve Rogers. One Steve Rogers is a hippie and a persistant political prisoner who didn’t want to take part in an illegal war. One Steve Rogers is a dog. One Steve Rogers was a hypocondriac taken from his room where he was hiding under his bed covers. One Steve Rogers was an artist working on an issue for Tales of Suspense when a car pulled up outside his window….on the 34th floor. One Steve Rogers is an older man named Weapon America who has Nuke’s facepaint and Wolverine’s claws. Any individual attempts to break out are met with unidentified resistance that lands them back in their cells. When they all work together get passed the different attacks, they are met by more Captain America variants (consisting of Captain Ape-Merica from Earth-8101, Captain America from Earth-71912, Cap-Wolf from Earth-666, Yeoman America from Earth-398, and a U.S. Agent variant of Steve Rogers) who states that they are fighting in a war that will need every Steve Rogers they can find for their war against the Multiversal Masters of Evil. This training was overseen by Ghost Rider, his Deathlok companion, and Ant-Man of Earth-818. While it was noted that they finally got Weapon America to pop his claws again, Ghost Rider and Deathlok states that it isn’t enough. Deathlok stated that there is a Steve Rogers on Earth-4479 who never picked up a shield and became a drifter who was accidentally caught in a gamma bomb explosion. Ant-Man states that they should meet this Steve Rogers and tells Ghost Rider to fire up his Hell Charger as they «got an army to build».^[229]

This gathering of Steve Rogers variants were later referred to as the Howling Commandos.^[230]

When the Council of Red attack Avengers Tower in the God Quarry, Captain Carter leads the Howling Commandos in fighting them.^[231]

Civil War

The Battleworld domain of the Warzone seen in Secret Wars contains a world in which Civil War never ended where it did in the original comics and continued for six more years. Captain America now runs the west side of the United States called «the Blue» as General America operating on his own set of politics compared to Iron Man on his side, «The Iron.»^{[volume & issue needed]}

Civil Warrior

The 2014 mobile game Marvel: Contest of Champions includes an exclusive version of Captain America named Civil Warrior. This version of Steve Rogers, set in Earth-TRN634, killed Tony Stark during the Civil War. Rogers then incorporated Stark’s armor into his uniform, and uses a modified shield containing a version of the ARC reactor.^[232]

Danielle Cage

The daughter of Luke Cage and Jessica Jones, Dani Cage operates as Captain America in an alternate future where New York City has been flooded. She uses the magnetic components Steve once used on the shield in order to better control it, and has the abilities of both her parents. She first appears in Ultron Forever, and returns to the present as a member of the U.S.Avengers.^[233]

DC vs. Marvel

Captain America appears in the Marvel/DC crossover DC vs. Marvel. He first appears fighting with HYDRA before being summoned to the DC Earth. He is later shown in a brawl with Bane, winning when he throws his shield so that it strikes Bane in the back of the head before Bane can break his back. He is then seen fighting with Batman in the sewers of Manhattan. After a pitched hand-to-hand standoff, they realize that neither one of them can gain an advantage over the other. Afterward, they team up with each other to stop the entities, the fundamental similarities between the two unique men who trained themselves to the peak of human development—and their lack of interest in ‘proving’ their superiority over their counterpart forcing the Brothers to halt their conflict.^[223]

Deadpool: Merc with a Mouth

In the 7th issue in the series, Deadpool visits a world where Captain America is known as General America, and is after a female version of Deadpool called Lady Deadpool. Deadpool intervenes and sends Headpool (the zombie version) after him, and Headpool bites him on the arm. To prevent the zombie plague from affecting that Earth, Deadpool cuts off Cap’s arm and leaves with it. In promos for Deadpool Corps, General America is shown to have a robotic arm.^{[volume & issue needed]}

Earth-398

In Morgan le Fay’s reality of Earth-398, there is a version of Captain America called Yeoman America who operates as a knight.^[234]

Yeoman America was among the Captain America variants recruited by Ghost Rider, his Deathlok companion, and Ant-Man of Earth-818 to help train the Steve Rogers variants in preparation for the war against the Multiversal Masters of Evil.^[229]

Earth-666

On Earth-666 which is inhabited by monsters like mummies, vampires, and werewolves, a version of Captain America is a werewolf that was similar to what happened to Earth-616’s version of Captain America once.^[a] He goes by the name of Cap-Wolf and is a member of this world’s version of the Avengers.^[235]

Cap-Wolf among the Captain America variants recruited by Ghost Rider, his Deathlok companion, and Ant-Man of Earth-818 to help train the Steve Rogers variants in preparation for the war against the Multiversal Masters of Evil.^[229]

Earth X

In the 1999 Earth X series, in a post-apocalyptic alternative present, Captain America is a war-worn hero, with a bald head, a ragged United States flag for a top and an A-shaped scar on his face, but still holding on to his shield and well-built. In the Universe X: Cap one-shot comic, he sacrificed himself to save the reborn Captain Mar-Vell. He later transformed into an angel of sorts, with blue skin, a white star on his chest, an «A» shape on his face, a U.S. flag draped around him, and a blade of light from his right arm. It is during this series that Doctor Erskine is revealed to be a Nazi, using his work with the Americans as a cover to help the Nazis create an army of «super soldiers.» The bullet that killed Dr. Erskine was meant for Steve Rogers.^[236]

Elseworlds

Captain America and his sidekick Bucky appear in Batman and Captain America, a 1996 title that is part of the DC Comics Elseworlds series. The story is set in an alternative World War II, with Captain America and Bucky meeting Batman and Robin in the course of a mission and working together as a result. The two heroes’ principal archvillains, the Red Skull and the Joker, also work together to steal an American atomic bomb. When the Joker realizes that the Skull is actually a Nazi (saying «I may be a criminal lunatic but I’m an American criminal lunatic!»), he double-crosses him and causes the atomic bomb to be detonated prematurely, apparently killing the two villains. In an epilogue set approximately 20 years later, Dick Grayson, who is now the new Batman, with retired Bruce Wayne’s son Bruce Wayne Jr. as Robin, discovers Captain America frozen in an iceberg. When thawed out by Batman and Robin, Captain America, though aggrieved by the death of Bucky in their final adventure (the same as in the main Marvel storyline), decides to again fight in the name of justice.^[237]

Exiles

In the Exiles arc «A World Apart», the Earth was conquered by the Skrulls in the nineteenth century. Captain America has become a gladiator known as the Captain, fighting for the Skrulls against other superhumans in contents. He is defeated by Mimic, who, disgusted at Captain America having become nothing but a puppet to the Skrulls rather than the symbol he should be to others, uses Cyclops’s optic blasts.^[238]

In «Forever Avengers», the Exiles visit a timeline where Captain America was turned into a vampire by Baron Blood. He later turns the Avengers into vampires and becomes the new Vampire King. The now Cursed Avengers (composed of Hawkeye, Wasp, Giant-Man, Falcon and Polaris) plan to turn New York’s population into zombies, but their plans are thwarted by the Exiles with the help of that Earth’s Union Jack Kenneth Crichton. One of the Exiles, Sunfire, is bitten by a vampire. Before she can completely turn, Baron Crichton destroys Captain America and reveals himself to be the grandnephew of the original Baron Blood and a vampire as well, and becomes the newest King of the Vampire by blood right.^[239]

House of M

In the altered world of the House of M, Steve Rogers was not frozen in suspended animation and lived through World War II and the years afterward. Rogers became an astronaut and was the first man to walk on the moon in 1956. By the present time, Rogers is said as being nearly 100 years old. His Earth-616 memories are not reactivated, to spare him from a severe mental shock. According to a Marvel editorial, the House of M is not an alternative reality, but a period of time in which everything in the 616 reality was profoundly altered by the Scarlet Witch.^{[volume & issue needed]}

JLA/Avengers

Captain America is the leader of the Avengers in the JLA/Avengers limited series, in which the two super teams travel to each other’s universe. His mind affected by subtle incompatibilities between the two universes, he sees the Justice League as overlords who demand praise and worship in return for heroic actions. He especially gets angry at Superman, who (likewise affected) sees the Avengers as heroes who do not do enough and have let their world down. After Cap and Batman battle to a standstill, the two team up to solve the mystery of the game. Using an inter-dimensional vehicle that allows them to reach the Grandmaster’s headquarters, they discover that the Avengers are fighting for Krona. Their intervention in the last battle, where Cap makes sure that Batman can get the cube so the JLA wins the game, causes the villain Krona to go mad and attack the Grandmaster. The Grandmaster causes the two universes to merge, imprisoning Krona between them. Cap, still subconsciously aware of the reality changes, attacks Superman, who is also subconsciously aware of the changes. This shatters the fixed reality, freeing Krona. Cap and Superman again argue, but are stopped by Wonder Woman. The two teams find the Grandmaster, who reveals their true realities. Despite seeing shocking revelations, the two teams decide to face Krona. Cap leads the teams as a battle tactician at Superman’s suggestion, communicating orders through the Martian Manhunter’s telepathy, and gives Superman his shield. After the two teams defeat Krona and restore their universes, Cap and Superman salute each other as they are transported back to their own dimensions, saying that they fight on.^[240]

Kiyoshi Morales

A future incarnation of Captain America, known as Commander A, is a major character in the Captain America Corps limited series, and is stated to be of mixed Japanese, African-American, Latino, and Native American descent. He is also implied to be a descendant of Luke Cage. He wields two energy force-field shields, similar to the one that Steve Rogers used once when he temporarily lost his vibranium shield.^[241]

Last Avengers Story

The two-issue limited series The Last Avengers Story (November–December 1995) tells of a possible alternative future for Captain America and the Avengers. Appalled with the American government after the «Villain Massacre», Captain America leaves his life as a superhero and runs for president. His presidency is a large success, but he is shot and seemingly killed in his third term, causing the other heroes to lose faith. However, Cap is not dead, but placed in suspended animation in a secret location until the technology to heal him can be developed. Using a sophisticated series of computer monitors, Captain America watches his friends win their final battle and records it for historical purposes.^[242]

Larval Earth

In the Spider-Ham comic books, the talking animal version of Captain America is Captain Americat (Steve Mouser) an anthropomorphic cat who works for the Daily Beagle.^[243]

Little Marvel

Two younger versions of Captain America were created by writer/artist Skottie Young. The first appears in the 2015 Secret Wars tie-in, Giant Size Little Marvel, written and illustrated by Young. In the Battleworld town of Marville, the mainstream superheroes are all elementary school age children, using their superpowers to engage in very destructive roughhousing. This Captain America is still the leader of the Avengers, though their headquarters are in a tree house instead of Avengers Mansion. As in the mainstream «Avengers vs. X-Men» storyline, Captain America faces off against Cyclops and the X-Men, only this time in an attempt to get two new kids on the block to join their respective group.^[244]

An even younger version of Captain America appears in A-Babies vs X-Babies, a 2012 Skottie Young scripted story, illustrated by Gurihiru. In this story, Captain America and his fellow superheroes are all babies, but still superpowered. When baby Captain America’s favorite stuffed bear Bucky goes missing, he assembles his baby Avengers and battles the baby X-Men for its return.^[245] This issue and the four Giant Size Little Marvel issues were collected into the Giant Size Little Marvel 2016 trade edition (ISBN 978-0785198703). This Captain America was among the Captain America variants recruited by Ghost Rider, his Deathlok companion, and Ant-Man of Earth-818 to help train the Steve Rogers variants in preparation for the war against the Multiversal Masters of Evil.^[229]

Marvel 2099

In Marvel 2099 a man masquerading as the original Captain America became ruler of the U.S. after a successful coup deposed Doom 2099. The man was killed when Doom 2099 dropped nano-machines on the Red House. The real Captain America appears in 2099: Manifest Destiny and takes up the role of Thor before giving Mjolnir to Spider-Man 2099.^{[volume & issue needed]}

In Secret Wars, a new version of Captain America was created by Alchemax and resides in the Battleworld domain of 2099. Roberta Mendez was forcefully subjected to take the Super-Soldier Serum by her husband, Harry and became the leader of Alchemax’s Avengers. Roberta and Captain America are two different personas of the same woman, with Roberta unknowing of her counterpart. She physically and mentally becomes Captain America if her trigger words, «Avengers Assemble», are said, and she reverts to Roberta if someone says «Dismissed». In the Secret Wars title, Captain America goes against Miguel Stone’s orders to treat the Defenders as criminals and worked with the Defenders and Avengers to stop Baron Mordo and the Dweller-In-Darkness.^{[volume & issue needed]}

Following Secret Wars, Roberta is transported to the prime Marvel Universe with hallucinations of her past life. She was a supporting character in the All-New, All-Different Marvel Spider-Man 2099 comic, where she was an employee at Parker Industries with Miguel O’Hara as her boss. After Roberta’s powers resurface again, she becomes a recurring ally for Spider-Man 2099. During the Civil War II storyline, Roberta goes back to 2099 to find her family, despite Miguel’s warnings. The Public Eye attempt to arrest her, until she is rescued by Ravage 2099. In the present, Miguel receives a call from Peter Parker, who tells him of a vision the Inhuman Ulysses had of the future: the death of Roberta Mendez. He goes back to 2099.^[246] Roberta learns from Ravage about the Anti-Powers Act, a law outlawing superpowers. Roberta and Ravage are taken to the downtown area by Hawkeye 2099, where they meet the remaining heroes. Spider-Man convinces Doctor Strange 2099 to help him out in exchange for his help in eliminating the A.P.A. Meanwhile, the CEO of Alchemax calls on Power Pack to defeat the heroes. Upon finding Roberta, Strange takes Spider-Man downtown, while Roberta leaves to find her husband upon learning his location. Roberta finds her husband Harry, who claims that she died and that they do not have kids, and gets captured by Power Pack. After Strange reveals that the CEO of Alchemax is J. Jonah Jameson, Spider-Man rallies the heroes to launch an assault on S.H.I.E.L.D. HQ and rescue Roberta. In the process, they discover that «Jameson» and «Power Pack» are actually Skrull impostors. Spider-Man and Roberta then go back to 2016 to restore the timeline.^[247] In the book’s ending, Roberta and Miguel’s son save Miguel from death and return to 2099 on New Year’s Eve. Thanks to Miguel’s sacrifice, Roberta’s family history is restored.^[248]

In other media

• Captain America 2099 (Roberta Mendez) appears in Marvel: Future Fight, as alternative costume to Captain America.^{[citation needed]}
• Captain America 2099 (Roberta Mendez) appears as a playable character in Lego Marvel Super Heroes 2.^{[citation needed]}

Marvel Apes

In the Marvel Apes Universe, a version of Captain America called Captain Ape-Merica leads the Ape-vengers (which contain a lot of reformed supervillains). Secretly, he is a vampire along with his version of the Invaders, and plots to enter the 616 universe for sustenance. To accomplish this, he has already killed his world’s version of Mister. Fantastic. However, it is revealed that the vampire Captain Ape-Merica was really Baron Blood, who took on Cap’s form and increased his strength through the Super-Soldier Serum inside him. The real Captain Ape-Merica was still frozen in ice up to the modern era, and helped the Gibbon, Wolverine, and Speedball fight off the vampire Namor. Afterwards, they stop Baron Blood. This version of Captain Ape-Merica turns out to be nearly as brutal as his impersonator; for example he is willing to kill Spider-Monkey for the ‘crime’ of helping innocent dimensional travelers.^[249]

Captain Ape-Merica is among the Captain America variants recruited by Ghost Rider, his Deathlok companion, and Ant-Man of Earth-818 to help train the Steve Rogers variants in preparation for the war against the Multiversal Masters of Evil.^[229]

Marvel Mangaverse

In the Marvel Mangaverse reality, the original Captain America is decapitated and killed by Doctor Doom, but Carol Danvers assumes the identity. This is done mostly out of a desire of self-defense, but she is encouraged to keep it for the foreseeable future by Sharon Carter. The original Mangaverse Captain America is both the leader of the Avengers and the President of the United States. His costume gives him the power to generate and manipulate energy shields.^{[volume & issue needed]}

Marvel Zombies

In the 2005–2006 miniseries Marvel Zombies, and the follow-up 2007 Marvel Zombies vs. The Army of Darkness, Captain America is known as Colonel America and once served as the President of the United States. He is among the superheroes infected, along with his other fellow Avengers, by the zombified Sentry. Colonel America is responsible for infecting Spider-Man in Marvel Zombies vs. The Army Of Darkness by biting him on the shoulder. He is apparently killed by a zombie Red Skull, who rips off his left arm and scoops his exposed brains out before he himself is decapitated by a zombified Spider-Man. Zombie Ant-Man then steps on the Red Skull. As his intellect was partly retained in the remaining portion of his brain, he was transplanted into Black Panther’s son T’Channa’s dead body, and given a mechanical left arm. The transplant is successful, but the resulting brain damage turns Colonel America into a battle-crazed zombie leader, manageable but unable to focus on anything that is not related to war, confrontation, and battle. Colonel America (Steve Rogers/T’Channa) also has a role in Marvel Zombies Return, where he was transported to Earth-Z.^{[volume & issue needed]}

Marvel Zombies 3 features a zombie version called «Captain Mexica», who comes from an alternate universe in which the Aztec Empire in Mexico never fell. He is killed after Machine Man cuts him in half.^{[volume & issue needed]}

MC2

In the alternative reality MC2 universe, Captain America leads the original Avengers on a mission to an alternative reality, which claims the majority of the team. He stays behind to aid the rebels in that reality, thus adding to the list of the dead / missing in action. The next iteration of MC2 Avengers aids him in A-Next #10-11, at the end of which he gives American Dream the shield that had belonged to that universe’s Captain America. Captain America and Thunderstrike return to their home universe to aid in the fight against Seth^[250]

In the 2005 limited series Last Hero Standing, the MC2 Captain America is fatally injured leading a group of young heroes in battle against the Norse god Loki. Thor uses his power to transform Captain America into a new star. In the sequel, Last Planet Standing, Galactus states that this new star is the key to his escaping his world-devouring hunger^{[citation needed]}.

Mutant X

In the Mutant X universe, a mutant succeeds Rogers as Captain America, joining Havok’s team of superheroes, «The Six», in order to protect mutants from a deranged Nick Fury and S.H.I.E.L.D. He has powerful energy manipulating abilities which manifest when America is threatened. Using that power he manages to kill a platoon of Super Soldiers and the Avengers, which consist of Black Widow, Deathlok, Typhoid Mary, Hawkeye and Iron Giant Man (Tony Stark). He is defeated by Havok and is then drawn below the earth by The Beyonder who kills him after he finds out what he needs to know.^{[volume & issue needed]}

Nextwave: Agents of H.A.T.E.

Captain America is mentioned several times in Nextwave, usually by Monica Rambeau (who constantly talks about her time as an Avenger). At one point, Monica theorizes that Captain America is secretly gay, as he was the only Avenger who never hit on her (Tabitha Smith agrees that it would be cool if that were true and that it would explain why «people always dress like him at gay pride marches»)^{[volume & issue needed]}

He appears in a flashback Monica has, when the Avengers are attacked by naked enemies. He tells her to «cover your eyes, go back to the mansion, and make my dinner».^{[volume & issue needed]}

Old Man Logan

In this potential future, all the Marvel Universe superheroes were killed when the supervillains combined forces. The villains then conquer and divide up control of the United States. Captain America is shown in a flashback as having been killed by the Red Skull in the ruins of the U.S. Capitol. The Red Skull subsequently takes Cap’s costume and wears it as President of America.^[251]

Peggy Carter

Ruins

Warren Ellis’s Ruins limited series explored a version of the Marvel Universe where «everything went wrong». In this continuity, Captain America himself makes no physical appearance in the series aside from the cover for issue #1 and in a dream sequence in issue #2. He was a member of the Avengers, a revolutionary cell formed by Tony Stark bent on liberating California from the corrupt rule of President Charles Xavier, but along with many other members of the team, he is killed aboard the Avengers Quinjet. His shield is recovered by soldiers who celebrate the deaths of the Avengers. A part of the Captain’s war history is touched upon by the now-psychotic Nick Fury, who was ordered to destroy the Quinjet by the President: «…I’ll give you an anecdote. Back in the war, it was America introduced me to eating human meat.»^[252]

Spider-Gwen

Captain America is a S.H.I.E.L.D. agent on Earth-65, who apprehends Spider-Gwen during her battle with the Lizard (this reality’s Peter Parker). This Captain America is an African American woman named Samantha Wilson a genderbent version of Sam Wilson/Falcon.^[253] During the 1940s, Samantha volunteered for Project: Rebirth after other test subjects were shot and killed or badly injured by Nazis. She became trapped in an alternate dimension after seemingly sacrificing herself to stop Arnim Zola, but later managed to return home to find that 75 years had passed.^[254] Steve Rogers would go on to become a famous comic creator, who writes stories of Samantha’s dimensional journeys that he saw in his dreams, which Sam confirmed as being accurate.^[255]

Spider-Island

In this retelling of Spider-Island as part of the «Secret Wars» storyline, Captain America and the other heroes are mutated into monster spiders and he is still the Spider Queen’s «Spider King» in the Battleworld domain of Spider-Island. However, Agent Venom gives Captain America the Godstone and turns him into a Man-Wolf (as an homage to the time when Captain America was a werewolf called Capwolf), releasing Steve from the Spider Queen’s control. He uses his new form to fight for the resistance.^{[volume & issue needed]}

Spider-Man: Life Story

Spider-Man: Life Story takes place in an alternate continuity where characters naturally age after Peter Parker debuts as Spider-Man in 1962. In 1966, Captain America is pressured by the public to join the efforts in Vietnam and decides to go to see the conflict for himself. A year later, American soldiers label Steve as a traitor when he decides to protect a Vietnamese village. Captain America also gets himself involved in the Superhuman Civil War in the 2000s. In the 2010s, it is unknown if he is dead or in hiding after Doctor Doom took over the planet.^[256]

Truth: Red, White & Black

In the 2003 limited series Truth: Red, White & Black, black soldiers act as test subjects for the WWII Super-Soldier program of 1942. Most of the subjects die, or become deformed with the exception of one, Isaiah Bradley. Isaiah substitutes for Captain America on an assignment, discovering Jewish concentration camp detainees subjected to experiments.^[257]

In Captain America (vol. 4) #28 (August 2004), an Isaiah Bradley from an alternative Earth became Captain America and never married. Later, he is elected president and serves two terms. He travels back in time, accidentally crossing to Earth-616, and brings the mainstream Captain America and Rebecca Quan forward into his own time to prevent his daughter, Rebecca «Becky» Barnes, from traveling to Earth-616.^{[volume & issue needed]}

Ultimate Marvel

In addition to the WWII era hero, a 1960s version of Captain America (a.k.a. «Captain America of the Vietnam War») exists as an Ultimate Marvel Universe parallel to the William Burnside/Captain America of the 1950s, who succeeded Rogers in the role after he is accidentally frozen. The 1960s Captain America is in fact Frank Simpson, better known in the Earth-616 Marvel Universe as Nuke. As scientists were unable to recreate the Super-Soldier Serum, they used cybernetics and steroids to enhance Simpson, which eventually eroded his sanity.^[258]

Scott Summers

In an alternate future of the Ultimate Universe, Scott Summers assumes the mantle of Captain America after Steve Rogers dies and leads a small team of X-Men to fight for mutant justice.^[259]

Weapon X: Days of Future Now

Steve Rogers is selected for the Weapon X program. He is given a procedure similar to Wolverine’s that bonds vibranium to his skeleton. He is given the code name Vibram.^{[volume & issue needed]}

What If?

Alternative versions of Steve Rogers are seen within several issues of the What If? series.

• In «What If Captain America and Bucky Had Both Survived World War Two?», Steve is able to hold onto the drone plane and deactivate the bomb, allowing both men to survive. Baron Zemo is shot by the Red Skull for failing to kill Captain America and Bucky, but it is later revealed that the Skull shot him with a weapon which put him to sleep for 20 years. Bucky and Cap continue to fight in the 1950s and 1960s against Communists, though tragically Nick Fury is killed in the Korean War. In the mid-1960s, Bucky goes his own way. Contacted by President Lyndon Johnson, the aged Steve is offered the job as the head of the newly created S.H.I.E.L.D., but Steve declines and suggests Barnes instead. S.H.I.E.L.D. and Barnes battle HYDRA, but fail to capture the Supreme Hydra. Joining Steve on one of his missions, the pair run into the Hulk and Rick Jones. Steve is knocked out, forcing Bucky to use Cap’s shield and rescue Rick from the Hulk’s rampage. Bucky decides to take on the role of Captain America, to which Steve agrees. Overhearing the conversation, Rick light-heartedly blackmails the two for the chance to be the new Bucky. Steve becomes the new leader of S.H.I.E.L.D.. Tracking the final group of HYDRA to an uncharted island, Steve and S.H.I.E.L.D. agent Sharon Carter team up with the new Cap and Bucky. The group infiltrate the island’s volcano, which turns out to be fake and created as a hideaway for HYDRA forces. The four are captured, and the Supreme Hydra is revealed to be Baron Zemo, who has not aged for 20 years due to the Red Skull’s weapon. Believing that Captain America is still Rogers, he prepares to kill Bucky, but Steve escapes his cuffs and frees the others. A fierce battle ensues, resulting in Zemo’s death, but not before a shot from Zemo’s gun hits and kills Bucky. The story ends with a distraught Steve mourning the loss of his friend, and the possibility of Rick Jones becoming the new Captain America.^[260]
• «What If…Captain America Fought in the Civil War?» features a continuum where Captain America lived during the American Civil War. In this universe, Steve Rogers is a corporal attached to a Northern regiment called the Redlegs, led by Colonel Buck «Bucky» Barnes. Rogers’s first mission turns out to be an attack on a group of civilians, and he refuses to follow Barnes’ orders. Barnes shoots Rogers, but only wounds him after Barnes is attacked by an eagle. Rogers passes out while trying to escape, and has visions of We-pi-ahk the Eagle-Chief. Waking, he is greeted by a black man, Private Wilson, who brought him back to an Indian reserve. Wilson believes Steve’s vision of We-pi-ahk means he is destined to be the one that will bring union to all people. Wilson begins a mystical ceremony that he says will make Rogers «as you are on the inside, so shall you become on the outside.» Barnes breaks into the hut as the ceremony is underway. Rogers is mystically given superhuman strength and a magical shield that can transform into an eagle, while Barnes’ head is turned into a fleshless skull. Barnes orders his men to open fire and kill everyone in the camp, and Wilson is fatally shot. Before the troops can escape, Rogers appears as Captain America, and captures Barnes and his men. Thanks to Captain America’s involvement, the Civil War ends earlier than in our history, and Abraham Lincoln is never assassinated. Rogers helps the South rebuild after the war, and suppresses the rise of the K.K.K. As a representative of the Indian people, he is able to prevent the Indian wars of 1870. Unfortunately Barnes, now known as the White Skull, forms a group even more dangerous than the K.K.K. The descendants of both men continue fighting each other up to the present in this alternative universe.^[261]
• In the 2006 What If Age of Apocalypse one shot, Captain America is the leader of the Defenders (this reality’s version of the Avengers), alongside Logan (not bonded with any adamantium), Captain Britain (who uses Iron Man’s armor), Brother Voodoo (this reality’s Sorcerer Supreme, after Dr. Strange’s death), Colossus, the Thing (who has a prosthetic arm), the Molecule Man, Sauron, and Nate Summers. Captain America no longer wears a mask, and wields Thor’s hammer, Mjolnir, along with his shield.^[262]

In other media

Notes

References

External links

• Gladstone, Brooke (March 9, 2007). «Death to America». On the Media. Transcript and streaming audio; Ed Brubaker and Joe Simon interviewed. Retrieved July 27, 2007.
• Powell, Matt (March 7, 2007). «Captain America Remembered». Wizard. Archived from the original on March 9, 2007. Retrieved July 27, 2007.
• Captain America Library (fan site). Archived from the original on July 8, 2011.
• Captain America (Steve Rogers) at the Comic Book DB (archived from the original)
• Captain America cover gallery Archived November 2, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
• Captain America at Marvel Wiki
• Markstein, Don (2010). «Captain America». Don Markstein’s Toonopedia. Retrieved April 9, 2012.
• Captain America (disambiguation) at the Marvel Universe
• Captain America at the Marvel Database Project
• Captain America at the Marvel Universe wiki

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Origin

After the outbreak of World War II in Europe, a young HYDRA agent disguised as an American patriot named Steve Rogers attempted to enlist in the U.S. Army but was rejected, due to his skinny, anemic physique, and was classified 4-F. However, he garnered the attention of certain people including scientist Doctor Abraham Erskine who was searching for suitable volunteers/test subjects for a top-secret experimental program designed to create an army of Super-Soldiers. As a result of Operation: Rebirth, Steve Rogers gained speed, strength, flexibility, endurance and agility of nearly superhuman levels. These heightened abilities coupled with his unwavering courage and “never say die” attitude eventually made him Captain America, a living legend.

For information on the Captain America that substituted for Steve Rogers when the latter apparently «died» in 2007 see the Bucky Barnes character page.

Creation

Captain America was created by Joe Simon and Jack Kirby as a response to the booming popularity of patriotically-themed superheroes in the 1940’s. Though it was rare for any character, let alone a new one, to get a self-named title in those days, he debuted in Captain America Comics #1 (March, 1941). He was depicted fighting Adolph Hitler himself on the cover even though the United States had not yet entered World War II and wouldn’t for another 9 months. Debuting along with Captain America in this comic was his teenage partner Bucky, and his arch-enemy the Red Skull. This issue sold nearly one million copies and Captain America soon became Marvel’s best-selling character.

«Cap» (the nickname he came to affectionately be called) spent World War II punching, kicking and defeating Nazis, Japanese, and other Axis members. In addition to help from Bucky, he battled the Axis forces alongside other Marvel (Timely) stalwarts: the Sub-Mariner and the Human Torch. Simon and Kirby did ten issues before leaving Timely to work for DC. When the war eventually ended, superheroes fell out of favor and comics sales declined. Captain America Comics were printed up to issue #75, but by then it had become a horror book and soon ended.

Captain America was revived by one of his original co-creators Jack Kirby, along with Stan Lee, during 1964 in issue #4 of the Avengers. This was the start of Cap as we know him. He became an instant hit and was soon leading the Avengers. A short time later, he shared and co-headlined a comic called «Tales of Suspense» along with fellow Avenger Iron Man. He has since become one of the cornerstones of the Marvel Universe and even transcended comics becoming a true American icon. Additionally, Captain America has been recreated many times over the years in comics featuring stories that take place in alternate universes. One of the most well-known alternate universe versions of Captain America is in the Ultimate Universe.

Major Story Arcs

The War

On July 4, 1920, Steven Rogers was born to a pair of Irish immigrants. Steve was always a courageous kid as well as a diligent student, but he wasn’t very athletic and he was quiet and introverted, because he was so skinny. Although he would eventually grow to 6’2, he was scrawny and weak, always last in athletic games (much like one Peter Parker, that would be born much later). A target for bullies as he grew up, he was protected by his best friend Arnie Roth, and, on at least one occasion, by neighborhood tough-guy Duvid Fortunov. Though it wasn’t apparent at the time, he possessed fierce loyalty, a courageous fighting spirit and a noble heart. Knowing he had no future in athletics, Steve majored in fine arts and was an exceptionally talented artist specializing in illustration.

His life changed, though, when the Axis forces sweep across Europe starting World War II. Seeing their atrocities on newsreels, Rogers becomes convinced they need to be fought and that the European war would soon pull America into the conflict, inspiring him to enlist in the U.S. armed forces to fight against the Axis forces.

Becoming Captain America

When he tried to join the U.S. military Steve was immediately rejected due to him being physically too skinny and classified as «4-F.» Steve was puny and didn’t even come close to passing the mandatory physical exam for induction, although he wanted with all his life to serve his country, he was rejected and stamped out. It seemed there was nothing he could do. He eventually made an impression on the Army recruiters and trainers, however, when he convinced them just how desperately he wanted to do his part, and how it was his dream to fight for America against the Axis powers. Steve caught the attention of an officer who was looking for men to volunteer as test subjects for an experimental program which was part of a top-secret defense plan known to only a dozen men or less. The experimental program was called Operation: Rebirth. The plan was to create physically superior soldiers with a new serum dubbed the Super-Soldier Formula. If it worked, it would make ordinary men into super soldiers. They would become perfect physical beings; possessing strength, speed, stamina, agility, reflexes, and recuperative powers that bordered near the upper limits of human evolutionary potential.

After a rigorous process to choose a suitable candidate, Steve Rogers was chosen to be the first man whom the Super Soldier Serum would be administered to. It was Dr. Abraham Erskine who had developed the process, and it was he who administered it to Rogers. Rogers was injected with the Super Soldier Serum and was then bathed in Vita-Rays which activated and stabilized the serum’s chemicals in his system.

The process worked perfectly; Steve Rogers’ entire physical being was boosted to the maximum of human potential and efficiency. In addition, he virtually doubled in size as millions of new cells were created almost instantaneously. His muscle strength, flexibility and reflexes improved to the peak of human potential. Steve marveled, he had become the ultimate specimen of human physical power and ability as all weakness and deficiencies drained from his body. Just then, a Nazi spy burst in with a gun. He cried «Hail Hitler» and shot Erskine through the head. In order to keep Nazi spies from obtaining it, Erskine hadn’t written down the serum’s ingredients, along with much of the procedure, having instead committed it to memory. Therefore the secret of the Super Soldier Serum died with him. Steve Rogers would be the only Super-Soldier. He chased after and caught the Nazi spy who’d assassinated Erskine and broke his neck, killing him. He then vowed to use his power to fight the enemies of America and become a symbol of freedom.

The U.S. government, disappointed at the loss of their planned super soldier army was determined to use Rogers to his fullest potential. To this end, they decided to use him as a superhero to fight the Nazis; to become a symbol of freedom and hope against Nazi forces as well as a counter-intelligence agent. He also would be their answer to and main weapon against the leader of the Nazi terrorist operations — the Red Skull. The U.S. Government gave him a costume based on the American flag, an unbreakable shield (given to him by President Franklin Roosevelt), a sidearm, and the name Captain America. From that point on, Steve Rogers was Captain America. A short time later he was stationed on an army base in Virginia serving as Private Steve Rogers.

While there he continued his extensive training and was deployed several times both domestically and abroad on covert missions. When on base as private, Steve purposely developed a persona and reputation as a clumsy soon-to-be soldier. It was also during this period that he meets Bucky Barnes — a young teenager who accidentally found out that Steve Rogers was secretly Captain America. With the U.S. Federal Governments’ permission, Steve trains Bucky and makes him his sidekick. Captain America and Bucky became a formidable fighting duo during World War II.

Invaders

The two fight crime and Nazis on their own and, after Pearl Harbor, helped found the Invaders, an Allied superhero team that fought against the Axis and their super-powered agents. The Invaders were featured in a comic book of their own in the 1970s. Recently, it has been stated that Bucky was already being trained when Steve/Captain America met him at the military base, hence, his being able to fight side-by-side with Cap almost immediately despite not having any super-powers.

During a mission to the African nation of Wakanda, Cap met King T’Chaka, the then-current Black Panther (this was later retconned into being Azzari, T’Chaka’s father). As a show of good faith, the Black Panther gave Cap a small amount of the rare metal vibranium, which would be used to construct his iconic shield. In return, Cap gave the Panther his original, triangular shield, which would be held on display in Wakanda for decades to come.

A few years passed, and, in part due to Captain America and the Invaders’ contributions, by 1945 the war was drawing to an end in Europe with the Allies driving the Axis troops out of the countries they had occupied.

With the Nazis retreating Cap and Bucky were on a routine mission trying to stop the evil Baron Heinrich Zemo from harming civilians using an unmanned drone plane. The patriotic duo engaged Zemo and his troops but before he was could be stopped Zemo managed to launch the drone plane up into the air towards allied forces armed with a huge bomb. Racing towards the plane as it was about to launch, Captain America and Bucky managed to jump onto it so they could try to defuse the bomb. Cap realized they couldn’t defuse it in time and tried to get Bucky, who was closer to the bomb, to jump off. Tragically, the bomb exploded and seemingly killed Bucky while throwing Captain America into the freezing waters of the North Atlantic Ocean. All searches to rescue or recover them failed and both were eventually presumed dead. Steve Rogers and Bucky Barnes were both believed to be dead for many years, and efforts to replace them were attempted to varying degrees of success.

Replacing A Legend

With Captain America presumed dead (though actually frozen in a block of ice) the U.S. Government decided that Captain America was a valuable public relations tool that was still needed. Even though the war was won, they figured if the American public found out Cap was dead, their morale would be severely diminished, something that could not be risked while Japan continued to fight Allied forces in the Pacific. As it would turn out several replacements were needed to try to carry the mantle of «Captain America.»

The first replacement the U.S. Government recruited was formerly the Spirit of ’76, a patriotic superhero whose physical abilities were similar, but less than, those of Captain America. His partner, a new “Bucky”, was Fred Davis, a very athletic but still normal young man. This Captain America and Bucky team operated very well fighting crime, communism and aiding other super-heroes (working with the All-Winners Squad). Unfortunately this Captain America’s tour of duty ended when Adam II (an android) killed him in 1946.

The U.S. Government still felt having a «Captain America» was necessary so they again recruited one. This next replacement Captain America was the Patriot, Jeff Mace, another Golden Age/World War II superhero. This Captain America also had a partner code-named «Bucky» but, unfortunately, two years into their stint this «Bucky» was shot in the legs, sustaining injuries that prohibited him from being Bucky any longer. Yet another former super-hero, this time the female, Golden Girl, became Cap’s crime-fighting, commie-busting partner until they both quit to marry each other. Determining that replacing Captain America and Bucky properly was quite difficult as well as risky to his iconic reputation, the U.S. Government finally let the idea fade and there was no Captain America and no Bucky.

1950’s Commie-Bustin’ Cap

In the 1950s, there was a brief run of the Captain America comic where, in keeping with the spirit of the times and the newly started ‘Cold War’ with communist Russia and China, Captain America becomes a more aggressive, conservative, communist-fighting character. When the real Captain America made his return in the ’60s, the appearance of the ’50s Cap was left unexplained, until Steve Englehart started on the book.

In 1953, a man named William Burnside found the lost formula for the Super-Soldier Serum in Nazi files in a German warehouse. This man idolized and almost worshiped Captain America. He had a Ph.D. in American History and he had done his thesis on Captain America. He immediately tells the government about the formula in exchange for becoming the next Captain America. He underwent plastic surgery to look like Steve Rogers and was set to be the symbol for the Korean War. However, the project was never finished, so «Steve Rogers» became a teacher.

While teaching, he finds a young student named Jack Monroe (eventually known as Nomad) who also is a huge Captain America fan. They use the formula on themselves and became the new Captain America and Bucky. They fight Communism, but they didn’t know of the Vita-Ray process that was required to stabilize the recipient after taking the super-soldier formula. Since they don’t take it, it affected their minds and they became overly paranoid, attacking anyone they even have the slightest suspicion of being a Communist, seeing threats to America where none existed. The government quickly realized they were out of control, and shut them down, placing them in suspended animation. Years later they are freed by a disgruntled government employee. Newly awakened in the 1970’s, they confront the real Captain America and his new partner, the Falcon.

Regarding the differences that underpinned this confrontation, Steve says, «In this case, the comics mirrored their eras; the late ’30s-early ’40s Cap was a liberal and the early ’50s Cap was a conservative. The first one looked up to Roosevelt; the second looked up to McCarthy. That’s about as fundamental as it gets.» Thus, it was not only a physical battle, but a battle of ideologies in which Cap confronted the impostor with just how out of touch and extreme he has become, and in doing so, manages to defeat him.

The Modern Age

Ironically, it was Cap’s former Invaders teammate, Namor the Sub-Mariner, who finds an Inuit tribe worshiping a frozen figure in a block of ice near the icy waters of the North Atlantic. Namor, seemingly enraged that they are worshiping an inanimate object, lifts the block of ice and hurls it into the sea. Apparently damaged by the impact of hitting the water, the ice began breaking apart revealing the frozen figure within as a man. The Avengers, who are still in the area, after battling the Hulk and Namor, spot this man floating in the water and pull him aboard their craft. They soon recognized the iconic uniform the man wore beneath his torn and tattered clothing and identified him. He was none other than Steve Rogers, Captain America! The Avengers determined he was still alive and they revived him. Upon becoming conscious, Captain America didn’t recognize any of the Avengers so he assumed they were Nazis and immediately sprung into action battling the entire team alone. Fortunately, the battle and the misunderstandings ended quickly.

Joining the Avengers

From his impossibly youthful appearance and actions after his revival, the Avengers determined that he had been preserved in a state of suspended animation while frozen in the ice. Though he was out of his own time and unfamiliar with the modern world, he is still at his peak-level of human perfection. Recognizing his value as a skilled fighter in combat, a great tactician, and a natural leader; the Avengers invite Captain America to join their team. The Living Legend of World War II accepted, and soon became team leader, a position he has held more times than anybody else. This was quickly followed by his own monthly gig in the Tales of Suspense anthology, wherein he shared equal billing with Iron Man. He was involved in the Avengers’ first great roster shakeup, where he led a team consisting of himself, Scarlet Witch, Quicksilver, and Hawkeye. During the final arc of Tales of Suspense before it was renamed Captain America, Cap met and befriended the African hero Black Panther, beginning a friendship that would last many years.

Cap appears in an extended run by Stan and Jack in which Captain America leads the Avengers for a long time, fighting their enemies and some of his old enemies-such as Baron Zemo. He finds out what had happened to Bucky, his young World War II partner, and is devastated. He was grief-stricken for many years. Shortly after Captain America’s revival, honorary Avenger Rick Jones convinces Cap to let him become the new Bucky and partners with him for a short time. Captain America doesn’t want to be responsible for another young partner’s death. Just as he relents, and allows Rick to assume the Bucky identity, the Red Skull (Cap’s arch-enemy from World War II) uses the Cosmic Cube to drive Bucky away. Afterwards, the title’s creative reins transferred over to Jim Steranko. A Silver Age stylist who helped redefine comic art expectations. One of his greatest Marvel triumphs was in the pages of Captain America! The issues of Cap #110, 111, 113 were packed with high drama, proportion expanding page layouts, and Steranko’s sultry, spy-oriented action.

While acclimating to modern times Captain America became reacquainted with old friends and met with people with whom he became friends and allies. Colonel Nick Fury was a fellow veteran whom Cap had met and served with during World War II when Fury leads the Howling Commandos as a sergeant. They reunited, becoming friends and allies again. Fury now leads the intelligence agency S.H.I.E.L.D. and when situations beyond the capabilities of his agents cropped up, Fury would frequently ask Cap to undertake and complete these missions for S.H.I.E.L.D. Later, he meets Sam Wilson, an African-American social worker from Harlem whom Captain America met on Exile Island. Captain America trains Sam to become the Falcon and Captain America’s new partner renaming his series Captain America and The Falcon. Throughout their partnership they combat numerous foes including the Grey Gargoyle, Scorpion, Mr. Hyde, The Serpent Gang and even the Red Skull.

Nomad

A bit disillusioned, Captain America retired his mantle due to the Watergate scandal. Later he was convinced by Hawkeye to continue fighting evil leading him to adopt a new superhero persona; the Nomad. However, after the death of the new Captain America, Roscoe, at the hands of the Red Skull, Steve realized that the costume is a powerful symbol of American ideals and not a tool for the government; he became Captain America once again. Relishing his return to his Captain America role, Steve nonetheless promises to never forget what he learned during his time as Nomad. Next he fought the Red Skull once more and it was revealed that Red Skull had been a burned-out youth in Germany before a chance meeting with Adolf Hitler himself. Seeing the inner anger and sensing his potential for evil, Hitler trained the boy to be his protégé and he eventually became the Red Skull. Captain America defeated the Red Skull again, preventing him from using his Dust of Death to first decimate the population and then to attempt the restart of the Third Reich with which to take over the world.

U.S.Agent

New enemies came, such as Flag-Smasher and the Scourge of the Underworld. While Captain America resigns his role when the government tries to force him to work solely for them. He is forced to relinquish his shield and costume which are then turned over to John Walker, becoming the new Captain America. Donning a black costume given to him by D-Man and a new black shield designed by the Black Panther, Steve takes on the identity of «The Captain.» The Captain assembles a group of heroes consisting of himself, Falcon, D-Man, Nomad (Jack Monroe) and Vagabond, with the heroes traveling across the U.S. to fight crime. During this time, Steve has some questionable run-ins with the law that made him realize how much credibility he had as Captain America. Sometimes, he even had to resort to working outside the law as much as it pained him. Cap and Walker tussled a few times, until Walker was driven insane. Cap’s team disassembles around this time, and the Captain tries to assemble a new roster of Avengers during the events of Inferno. His first new recruit, D-Man, is seemingly killed on his very first mission. The Captain eventually discovers that Red Skull is responsible for Steve being ousted and replaced, leading to a final showdown which leaves the Skull disfigured by his own weapon. Steve is allowed to reclaim his iconic costume and shield; while Walker is given the black outfit and Wakandan shield, and becomes the hero known as U.S. Agent.

Later, it had been revealed that the chemicals that allowed the Red Skull to retain his youth had worn off, and now the Red Skull was in his 80’s. The Red Skull had kidnapped several of Cap’s closest allies, including the Falcon, and forced Captain America to revert to his natural age by subjecting him to the same artificial aging process that he had used to advance his own daughter’s age. The two had one final battle where they would fight as equals. Cap came out the victor but refused to kill the Red Skull, who died right after the battle of an apparent heart attack. Eventually, Cap’s youth was once again restored by the Avengers.

Cap Armor

During the Streets of Poison story arc, Captain America had discovered that Avengers staff member Fabian Stankowicz had been on a new street drug called Ice. After suspending Fabian and sending him to rehab, Captain America had taken it upon himself to clean the streets of drug dealers. During a raid on a warehouse, a drug dealer blows the building up and Captain America finds himself caught in the fumes of Ice. Captain America finds himself hooked on the drug which makes him prone to violence and causes outbursts of rage. Caught in the middle of a turf war between The Kingpin and The Red Skull, Captain America’s condition worsens until he subdued by Diamondback and The Black Widow. Captain America undergoes a blood transfusion to cleanse his blood of the drug; he is however temporarily stripped of the super-soldier serum. Vowing to break the drug circle, Captain America heads to Yankee Stadium where a final confrontation between the Red Skull and Kingpin occurs to determine who would control drug trafficking in New York. At the stadium Captain America is confronted by Crossbones, after a brutal fight Steve Rogers prevailed proving that even without the super-soldier serum, he could still be Captain America.

However disaster strikes when Captain America avoids an explosion at a drug lab full of a chemical that causes a reaction with the Super-Soldier serum in his system. It alters his biochemistry, and he begins to deteriorate. He turns to Iron Man, who helps him by making a powered exoskeleton for him in the vein of the Iron Man armor. Eventually, he is cured by a transfusion of blood from none other than Red Skull, who had transferred his mind into a cloned body of Captain America.

Operation: Rebirth & The Expatriate

At some point in the “Man Without a Country” story arc, Steve Rogers briefly dons the costume of the Expatriate. During the events of «Operation: Rebirth», the Avengers discovered Cap had gone missing; and it was later revealed to be an elaborate plot orchestrated by the Red Skull. After being brought back to life, Cap is filmed storming a military base alongside both the Red Skull and Sharon Carter. Because of this, President Bill Clinton temporarily exiles Rogers to the UK until the matter is sorted out and his name can be cleared. As not to associate himself with the United States, Steve wears an all-blue costume (similar to Isaiah Bradley’s uniform, but with no stars or stripes). It is also at this time when Steve first receives the Plasma Shield although it only forms a yellow buckler, as opposed to his later star-spangled Plasma Shield.

Onslaught

Heroes Reborn and Return

September 11th Attacks

The Truth: Red, White and Black

After Steve Rogers’ participation in Project: Rebirth, the U.S. Army tested the early version of the Super Soldier Serum on 300 black soldiers. A married man and father to a newborn girl, Isaiah Bradley was an infantryman at Camp Cathcart, Mississippi in 1942, during the first year of the United States involvement in World War II. Bradley’s platoon is among the 300 test subjects that were randomly chosen from the two of the all-black battalions are Cathcart which were murdered after the 300 left for Project Super Soldier. Barbaric medical practices are performed on the subjects. The surviving seven were sent forward to Europe, one of their number dying on the boat ride to complications with the serum. The remaining six entered the war in July 1942.

Bradley’s only known costumed mission involved the destruction of the Nazi Super Soldier Project at Schwarzebitte, Germany in October 1942. Bradley steals a spare Captain America costume that had been set aside for Steve Rogers who was to lead the mission. He completed his mission, however he is captured and later interrogated by Hitler himself before being shipped off to Auschwitz. Bradley escaped and is taken in by the German and Belgian Underground Resistance. He is eventually able to sneak back behind Allied lines in 1943, but receives a court-martial from the Army and a sentence to life imprisonment for stealing Captain America’s costume. Bradley served seventeen years and was released by President Dwight D. Eisenhower on the day of President John F. Kennedy’s inauguration. Bradley was the only test subject to survive the war.

He became an underground legend among the Marvel African-American community — he was their Captain America. Eventually, however, the serum’s long-term effects damaged Isaiah Bradley, in his body and mind. He became childlike and began to disappear as a hero. It was then that he is discovered by Steve Rogers, who tracks him down and acknowledges his sacrifices and heroism. Isaiah Bradley remains as one of Cap’s greatest allies — the black Captain America. He is the grandfather of Elijah Bradley, a Patriot from the Young Avengers.

The New Avengers

Eventually, the Avengers disbanded in Avengers Disassembled after the Scarlet Witch had a nervous breakdown and killed a few team members. For a few months, there were no Avengers in the immediate vicinity. However, Captain America soon found himself in a situation that brought together many of New York’s superheroes once again. Finding that destiny has struck twice, Captain America formed the New Avengers with Iron Man. Filling out the roster were newcomers Sentry and Ronin as well as high-profile superheroes such as Luke Cage, Wolverine and Spider-Man. In need of a new headquarters, Iron Man soon found one for the team and they were back in business. And so, the New Avengers were born.

The Winter Soldier

Rogers revealed his secret identity, and then encountered a new villain named the Winter Soldier who assassinated the Red Skull. The Winter Soldier’s secret identity turns out to be Bucky Barnes, and he was under the control of a Russian businessman and former Soviet general named Aleksander Lukin. Steve later learns that Bucky had been rescued by the Soviet Union, who brainwashed him and made him their own assassin. Eventually, Bucky’s memory was returned to him when Captain America willed it back with Lukin’s Cosmic Cube (which Lukin took from the Red Skull).

Civil War

For further details: Civil War

A super-human battle in Stamford, Connecticut causes the deaths of hundreds of school children and leads directly to the superhero Civil War when the public called out for super-humans to register their powers, abilities, and identities, and hang up the costumes. In the wake of this horrible tragedy, the Super-human Registration Act is quickly passed. This new law requires every superhuman in the United States to register with the federal government, submit to evaluation, training and even become a government operative. Some heroes are for it while some were against it. Captain America is the most highly-respected hero against it. He believes it infringes on the rights and personal freedoms of super-humans.

He elects to lead the anti-registration faction of heroes against the pro-registration people, who are led by none other than his friend and fellow Avenger; Iron Man. Cap and the other heroes’ refusal to register immediately makes them all technically criminals and fugitives to be hunted down by S.H.I.E.L.D. agents, police, their former friends, and even enemies/villains who’d registered and agreed to work as government operatives. The two factions clash several times with Iron Man beating Cap savagely in their first fight. However, as the War goes on, Cap’s side grows by recruiting and attracting mostly street-level heroes like Daredevil, Luke Cage, and later Spider-Man (after he defects from Iron Man’s pro-registration side). Captain America’s faction even recruits one true powerhouse; Hercules.

Eventually, Cap’s anti-registration faction gained enough strength to match Iron Man’s pro-registration forces. Captain’s morals were sorely tested too, when he enlisted the help of many figures he would normally apprehend and turn over to the authorities. The most notable of these questionable allies were Frank Castle, a.k.a. the Punisher and Wilson Fisk, a.k.a. the Kingpin.

Eventually events lead to the final confrontation between the opposing factions where Captain America confronted and batters Iron Man. The tide of the battle was turning in favor of Captain America’s forces and victory was at hand when a group of ordinary civilians intervenes and attempt to restrain Cap. It was at this moment that Captain America realizes he was endangering the very people he had sworn to protect. «We’re not fighting for the people anymore. We’re just…fighting.» he said tearfully, surrendering even as he was about to win. Captain America then removed his mask, surrendered to authorities as Steve Rogers, and orders the anti-registration forces to stand down. As Rogers is led away in handcuffs, the Punisher retrieves Captain America’s discarded mask. The majority of the other anti-registration heroes subsequently elect to register, while some decide to take their chances, stay outside the law and remain fugitives. After his arrest, Captain America is incarcerated by the federal government to await trial. The Civil War strains relationships between the former Avengers, too. Thor was dead. Iron Man and Captain America led opposing forces. Hank Pym was on Iron Man’s side, Vision was on Cap’s. Due to the Scarlet Witch’s mental instability and breakdown, the Avengers had been disassembled already (in Avengers Disassembled), but the events of the Civil War made it nearly impossible for the team to reform and function effectively. Eventually, several different versions of the team either formed or re-formed as the Mighty Avengers, the New Avengers and the Secret Avengers.

Fallen Son

For further details: Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America

The tide of the superhuman Civil War turns, as Captain America is assassinated in a scheme perpetrated by his greatest foe, the Red Skull. It is later revealed that Steve Rogers is not dead. When S.H.I.E.L.D. and Tony Stark take possession of Captain America’s body, and they wanted to conduct tests because he was the only perfect Super-Soldier. What they discover was the serum seems to have reversed the effects on his body after he died. Though his death demoralized even those he had fought against, the new order of superheroes had already begun, spearheaded by Iron Man, who had been appointed as the new director of S.H.I.E.L.D. with the launch of the Fifty State Initiative program, Iron Man’s dream of a dedicated superhero team in each U. S. state was being realized. Little did he suspect that the mounting Skrull invasion was secretly placing one of their agents on each of those teams. In Captain America: New Deal, Steve Rogers left instructions for Tony Stark in a letter written before his death to «save» Bucky and that the mantle of Captain America should go on.

When the Winter Soldier (Bucky) is brought into S.H.I.E.L.D. custody, he managed to escape, only to attack Iron Man. The two fight to a standstill until Stark mentions the letter from Steve. Bucky isn’t sure that Cap had meant for him to actually become Captain America. Tony said that there’s no way Bucky would let anyone else fill those boots and asked if he wanted to be the one to let Steve down. Bucky says he’d do it under two conditions. The first was that his mind would be completely probed to ensure there was no trace of brainwashing or fail-safe code-words leftover from when he was under control as the Winter Soldier. The second condition is that he doesn’t have to answer to S.H.I.E.L.D. or to Stark, just as Steve didn’t. Tony thought about it and agreed. The Norse god Thor later communicates with the spirit of Steve Rogers on the one-year anniversary of his death.

Captain America Reborn

For further details: Captain America Reborn

As the machinations of the Red Skull continue despite the intervention of the new Captain America, Black Widow and the Falcon, he and Arnim Zola reveal to an astonished Norman Osborn that the gun Sharon Carter used to kill Steve Rogers actually froze him in space and time at the moment of his death. That moment of spatial and temporal stasis could be used to bring back his body from any moment in the future via a modified version of Dr. Doom’s time device and Sharon Carter herself, whom they referred to as «the constant.» At the time of the intended retrieval, Sharon’s actions disrupted the process, resulting in Steve being lost in time and space. He is shown reliving moments of his past, most notably, events during the Second World War, badly disoriented and bewildered. While going through the time stream, Steve finds himself back in 1944, at one of the Red Skull’s bases, fighting Master Man. As he begins to fight Master Man, Cap figures out that he has somehow been sent back in time and reliving all of the battles he has fought in over the years. After he defeats Master Man, Steve is then sent to the time he met with President Franklin Roosevelt at the White House.

Back in the present, Bucky and Black Widow begin to fight Ares and Venom inside a H.A.M.M.E.R. Helicarrier, but Bucky and Black Widow are defeated and taken to Norman Osborn. At the Baxter Building, Hank had brought Sharon Carter to Reed Richards, so that he could examine her. While Reed does this, Hank mentions that Falcon and the Vision are out looking for Bucky and Black Widow, since they never returned from their mission. Reed then tells Hank that he has found something in Sharon’s bloodstream, Reed then mentions that there was something similar to what’s in Sharon’s blood, in Steve’s body that Reed had found after he had done an autopsy on it. Reed then tells Hank that there was something Tony Stark didn’t like about the rapid cellular decay in Steve’s body.

Norman then meets with Crossbones and Sin, telling them that he knows about the second shooter and that he would love to have a Captain America on his side, leading his Avengers, even if the Red Skull’s mind was in that Captain America’s body.

Back in the past, Steve finds himself back in 1940 with Dr. Erskine, Steve then begins to ask the doctor about time travel and what would happen if someone were to go back and kill Hitler before all of this madness began. Dr. Erskine then tells Steve that doing something like that would have both an action and reaction that could end up making it so that your loved ones might have never been born. After this, Steve is taken into a lab and is about to relive the moment he became Captain America, Steve knows that the doctor is going to be killed by a Nazi spy, but is forced to do nothing but go through with the experiment. After he does, the doctor is killed and Steve begins to ask himself why he is reliving all of his past memories.

Back at the H.A.M.M.E.R. Helicarrier, Norman is talking to the now captured Bucky and Black Widow, Norman then reveals that he had told the whole world that Sharon Carter was the second shooter in the assassination of Captain America and is now the world’s most wanted. Norman then tells them that he is letting Black Widow go so that she could tell Sharon that if she doesn’t turn herself in within twenty-four hours, Norman will kill Bucky.

Still trapped in time, Steve relives the time he was trapped in the ice, he begins to wonder why he even keeps track of the time anymore, since he believes time has no meaning for him now. As he ponders on this, Namor appears, as Steve knew he would, picking up the large chunk of ice that holds Steve. Everything happens like it always did, Namor throws the piece of ice into the water, even though Steve tries to yell Namor’s name, to where Steve would be found by the Avengers. Back in the present, Reed Richards has met with Namor in the Arctic Ocean, where Steve’s body was secretly laid to rest. Reed asks Namor to raise Steve’s coffin, which Namor had already done, and as Reed examines Steve’s body, the body disappears, shocking both Reed and Namor. As Reed tried to figure out what happened, he gets a call from Hank Pym, who tells Reed that Norman Osborn has outed Sharon Carter as the second shooter who killed Captain America, and to Black Widow’s disapproval, Sharon tells them that she’s going to turn herself in.

Elsewhere, Bucky is being transported by Norman’s Thunderbolts, while Sharon tries to figure out what she should do. Back in time, Steve finds himself reliving his time during the Kree-Skrull War, fighting alongside Clint Barton, who was going by Goliath at the time, fighting off an army of Skrull soldiers. Steve watches Iron Man, Thor, and Captain Marvel, Steve then asks the Vision, who had asked him to meet with the other Avengers on the command deck, if the Vision could remember something and then store it deep in his memory storage, something Vision said he would have no problem doing. Back with Bucky, Falcon attacks the Thunderbolts’ jet, fighting off the Thunderbolts, while the Thunderbolts’ Ant-Man frees Bucky, after that Bucky and Falcon escape unharmed.

Still jumping through time, Steve finds himself reliving the time he and Rick Jones, who was going by the name of Bucky at the time, fight off a group of HYDRA agents. Steve then feels remorse for losing the original Bucky, his close friend James Barnes, when he almost calls Rick «Bucky». Back in the present, Norman Osborn has announced that Sharon Carter, Steve’s lover, was the second shooter in his death. While he does this, Sharon is being taken to Latveria. At the Infinite Avengers Mansion, Hank Pym and Mr. Fantastic activate the message Steve left with the Vision back during the Kree-Skrull War, telling them that he is lost in time.

Elsewhere, Bucky, Black Widow, and Clint Barton (Ronin), attack a H.A.M.M.E.R. mobile data-collector, trying to find out where Sharon Carter is. Once in Latveria, Sharon is shocked to see that the Red Skull is alive still, and is with Dr. Doom. They quickly then attach her to a machine that will bring Steve back to the present. In the English Channel Islands, 1945, Steve finds himself and Bucky escaping Baron Zemo’s fortress. Bucky and Steve then jump onto the drone bomber that will explode, sending them to their apparent deaths, only to let them live to become who they are today. Steve, who has relived this day so many times in his mind, and nightmares, decides that he won’t let Bucky get blown up again and become the Winter Soldier. As he tries to stop Bucky, Steve is suddenly pulled back through time, he then finds himself being attacked by the Red Skull as he flies through time.

Steve’s body then appears in Dr. Doom’s lab, but as Sharon calls out to him, it is revealed that the Red Skull has placed his mind in Steve’s body, and is now in control of Captain America. Steve then finds himself in a nightmarish world ruled by the Nazis and the Red Skull. The Red Skull, who is now on his way to the White House to meet with the President to ruin Captain America and what he stands for once and for all. But as they make their way to D. C., the Skull captures the Vision who is trying to sneak on board to rescue Sharon, and commands his ship to attack the Avengers Quinjet which is chasing after them. The A.I.M. ship takes out the Quinjet, causing it to crash in front of the Lincoln Memorial.

The Avengers are forced to fight the Skull’s forces. While that happens, Steve finds where the Skull is hiding in his mind, and they begin to fight over control of Steve’s body. Meanwhile, Bucky fights the Red Skull outside of Steve’s body. But Bucky shows that he can’t kill Steve, even if it is the Red Skull controlling him. . The Red Skull then takes Bucky’s shield, stating that “what’s Captain America without his shield?” He then cuts off Bucky’s bionic hand, saying that it’s time for a new morning in America. But before Red Skull can kill Bucky, Steve is able to force the Skull out of his mind and back into his robotic body, gaining control over his body again, and finally returning to the world he left.

Sharon Carter then uses one of Hank Pym’s size changer devices to make the Red Skull into a giant, making sure he can’t escape this time, Steve and Bucky then team up with the rest of the Avengers, fighting the giant Red Skull, and finally are able to seemingly kill the Red Skull. As they do so, the public sees Steve among the heroes, and yell with joy as they see that Captain America has returned. Back in New York, Steve remembers that he saw the future while he was going through time, and that he believes Bucky is going to die, but before he can think about it more, Sharon comes to get him to come down to his party. Four days after his return, Steve had been training with Bucky, getting back into shape. He talks to Sharon, telling her how he’s worried that he may slip away back into time again, she then tells him that he’s not going anywhere and that she has him.

Later that night, Steve decides to suit up and go out into the city, to see what has changed. He finds Captain America (Bucky) and Black Widow as they fight the Hyde who has escaped from The Raft. As Hyde tries to escape from the battle, Bucky sees Steve watching from the sidelines and throws him his shield, allowing him to defeat Hyde all by himself. Steve then says that was fun and hands Bucky the shield, but Bucky refuses to tell Steve that he’s Captain America and that’s his shield.

Steve then tells Bucky that they need to talk. Steve tells Bucky that he should keep being Captain America, that it means something more to him, which Bucky disagrees with, saying that Steve is the only Captain America. Steve then tells him that he’s not sure if he’s ready or will ever be able to pick up his shield again, and asks Bucky to continue being Captain America, if not for himself, then for him.

Steve then returns to Sharon, telling her that he believes that if Bucky doesn’t continue to be Captain America, that he may die, and Steve could never live with that possibility, even if it means giving up the future he wants. Steve then meets with President Obama, who gives Steve a Presidential Pardon for what he did during the Civil War, saying that he felt the S.H.R.A. was un-American to him. Steve then tells the President that he may not be able to pick up his shield again, President Obama then tells Steve that that is okay, that he has a feeling that in the coming days, America is going to call on Steve for something much bigger.

The Heroic Age

For further details: The Heroic Age

After the Dark Reign of Norman Osborn and his Dark Avengers, Steve Rogers is called on again for duty, but now as America’s new «Top Cop» ( S.H.I.E.L.D. director). Steve accepts the job and assembles two new teams. The Avengers under Maria Hill’s command and the Secret Avengers for covert missions under Steve’s direct command. Steve’s first line-up of Secret Avengers includes his long-time love interest Sharon Carter, Brunnhilde the Asgardian Valkyrie, Nova the Prime Centurion of the Xandarian Nova Corps, former Avenger and X-Man Beast, Black Widow, Moon Knight and War Machine.

During this time, he joins the Illuminati and is given possession of the Time Gem, one of the legendary Infinity Gems.

Fear Itself

During the Fear Itself storyline, Steve Rogers is present when the threat of the Serpent is known. Following the apparent death of Bucky at the hands of Sin (in the form of Skadi), Steve Rogers ends up changing into his Captain America outfit. When the Avengers and the New Avengers are fighting Skadi, the Serpent ends up joining the battle and breaks Captain America’s shield with his bare hands. Captain America and the Avengers teams end up forming a militia for a last stand against the forces of the Serpent. When it comes to the final battle, Captain America uses Thor’s hammer to fight Skadi until Thor manages to kill the Serpent. In the aftermath of the battle, Iron Man presents Captain with his reforged shield now stronger for its uru-infused enhancements despite the scar it bears. It is then revealed that Captain America, Nick Fury, and Black Widow are the only ones who know that Bucky actually survived the fight with Skadi as Bucky resumes his identity as Winter Soldier.

Spider-Island

During the events of Spider-Island, Steve Rogers is captured by the Jackal when he was investigating in the former location of Project Rebirth. The Jackal mutates Steve into a giant spider creature, which he calls Spider King. The Jackal then impregnates him with thousands of spider eggs, so that the Spider King could spread the virus to other areas in the world. The Spider King was stopped by Agent Venom but escaped capture when some of the eggs he was carrying hatched. He was re-captured and put into suspended animation. Agent Venom disguised himself as Spider King, in order to infiltrate the Jackal’s secret base. Steve was given a cure and was reverted back to himself. He joined Agent Venom in the fight against The Queen, who was the secret person behind Spider-Island. Steve rallies the other Avengers, X- Men and other heroes to stand and fight against the large army to give Spider-Man a chance to cure the infected people.

Avengers vs. X-Men

When Steve learns that the Phoenix Force is coming for Hope and learns that Cyclops is ready to take the risk and will allow the Force to come to Hope, he right away takes the Avengers to Utopia to tell Scott that that is too risky and they cannot take such a big risk. When Cyclops tells Steve that the Phoenix Force has been doing only good during the years, Cap tells him the risks and Cyclops starts the attack against Steve Rogers and the Avengers. Later when Steve sees that they cannot win this war he uses their only hope, Wanda Maximoff. They are able to take Hope but a lot of Avengers are being held captive in a prison in Utopia. Later when Steve has no other hope he tries to gather the Illuminati again but not all of them come, Namor is the one that doesn’t come but the others come and go because they don’t have hope or they believe that the Phoenix Force is actually good. But later when everybody’s gone Namor comes.

Marvel NOW!

After being injured during a battle with Ex Nihilo and Abyss on Mars, Captain America dons a new costume and recruits a new, expanded Avengers line-up. During an incident involving Universal Incursions, Captain America attempts to use the Infinity Gauntlet to solve the problem, but fails. During a subsequent argument about what path the Illuminati should take, he is mindwiped by Doctor Strange and expelled from the group.

Captain America is featured in his own title, where he is abducted by Arnim Zola’s minion to his own dimension, called Dimension Z. There he saves Arnim Zola’s infant son, Leopold, from his own father’s terror. Captain America raises Leopold as his own son, naming him Ian. After ten years’ time, still trapped in Dimension Z, Zola retrieves his long-lost son, brainwashing him to hate Captain America and love the will of Zola. While getting out of Dimension Z Ian was shot by Sharron Carter and left for dead but unknown by Captain America Ian survived and has now become Nomad. Sharon Carter was also left for dead in Dimension Z but no one has seen her body to confirm it.

Additionally, he tries to show the world that mutants and humans can work together, so he founds the Avengers Unity Squad, consisting of himself and Thor, Wolverine, Scarlet Witch, Rogue and Havok, the leader of the team.

Time Runs Out

During the events of Original Sin, Captain America regains his memories and vows to bring the Illuminati to justice. Around this same time, an encounter with a Chinese super-villain named the Iron Nail results in the Super Soldier Serum being drained from Steve’s body, leaving him a withered old man. Sharon and a teenage Ian return around this time, having miraculously survived their apparent deaths in Dimension Z.

Steve decides to step back from active super-heroics, appointing Sam Wilson as the new Captain America, while Ian takes over as the new Nomad. He remains an active member of the Avengers by serving as their operations director. He continues his war on the Illuminati until the two sides are able to come to a temporary truce in order to deal with the Incursions.

Secret Empire

At the Red Skull’s manipulation, a child named Kobik is later able to use her reality-warper powers to rejuvenate Steve and make him young and strong again. However, unbeknownst to the heroes, Kobik has secretly rewritten the timeline and replaced Cap with an alternate Steve who was recruited by HYDRA at a young age.

In this new timeline, Steve was trained by HYDRA to help them conquer the world from the inside, with Steve having been lifelong friends with Helmut Zemo. In the present day, Captain America critically injures his former partner, Jack Flag, after the youth accidentally discovers his secret. Jack is eventually taken off life support, ensuring Steve’s secret is kept.

Working with Zemo, he attempts to engineer a situation where the Chitauri can attack the planet, allowing him to conquer it in the ensuing chaos. During this time, he also uses the second superhuman Civil War to his advantage, arranging for the death of Bruce Banner and for Tony Stark to be rendered comatose.

When the time is right, Captain America conquers the United States, and uses HYDRA’s forces to cement his power. As all of this is happening, the original, heroic Steve Rogers finds himself lost in a strange forest. After encountering alternate versions of his various allies and enemies, Steve eventually finds Kobik, who reveals that they are inside his mind. With help from both Kobik and Bucky, Steve eventually returns to the real world, where he confronts his evil counterpart, now known as the Hydra Supreme. After a heated final battle in Washington, D.C., Steve is able to lift Mjolnir (which had been rendered inert after Jane Foster was banished to another dimension) and use it to defeat the Hydra Supreme. With Hydra beaten and the Hydra Supreme taken into custody, Steve is able to reclaim his place in the world.

Home of the Brave

In the aftermath of the Secret Empire incident, Cap’s faith and confidence are shaken. With his reputation tarnished by the actions of his doppelgänger, Steve finds that some citizens now fear him, having come to associate him with hatred and tyranny. After Sam returns from a time-traveling adventure that changes his perception of things, he voluntarily returns the shield and Captain America identity to Steve, reasoning that Steve will need them to overcome his current anguish and doubt. Donning his original costume, Steve embarks on a motorcycle journey across America, hoping to reconnect with the country. Along the way, he battles foes like Kraven the Hunter and a new Swordsman, as well as a paramilitary group known as the Rampart. Following the battle with Kraven, Steve is frozen in ice by agents of the Rampart.

He awakens in a dystopian, post-apocalyptic 2025, where much of America lies in ruins after the Rampart launched a nuclear strike that decimated the nation. After linking up with a band of survivors led by a woman named Liang, Cap sets out to topple the regime of King Babbington, the tyrannical ruler of America. After successfully beating Babbington, Cap is sent back to the present, where he avoids being frozen this time and defeats the Rampart before they can launch the nukes.

Captain of Nothing

Captain America was struggling to live down the behavior of Hydra-Cap in a divided country. His government gave pardons to criminals who helped resist the Secret Empire, including Thunderbolt Ross, recently incarcerated for desertion as Red Hulk. He feels responsible for the added strife they are causing. After publicly taking on Ezekiel Stane’s Nuke factory, Gen. Ross turns up dead, and Cap is named the number one suspect.

Capt turned himself in and was sent to the Myrmidon, a private prison run by a pardoned Von Strucker. Unfortunately, laying low wasn’t an option for Cap. When he saw the guards step out of line, he defended his fellow inmates. This built enough trust that when the Daughters of Liberty (secretly led by a resurrected Peggy Carter) attempted to break Cap out, the supervillains pitched in to help.

Now a fugitive, Cap casts off his Captain America uniform and asks the Daughters for help. He needs a team to investigate Ross’ murder and take on the growing number of domestic terrorists, like The Watchdogs. This forced Cap to cross paths with a new Scourge. Scourge was taking out Watchdogs hiding in the NYPD, inspiring violence across the city. Cap disapproved and tracked this new Scourge down, only to find him, dead by suicide.

The Daughters revealed at the center of the conspiracy against Captain America was Alexa Lukin, the wife of an old villain of Cap’s. She was working with the mutant, Selene. Selene had stolen a piece of Sharon’s soul during her investigations, so Cap teamed up with his old pals, Bucky and Falcon to get it back. Their cover was blown, and they were, ultimately, rescued by the Daughter of Liberty. With the backup, they were able to recover Sharon’s soul piece, returning Sharon to her youthful appearance.

Their victory celebration was cut short when other Daughters members were caught by Lukin’s forces in Madripoor, where the Daughters found Ross alive. Cap and his friends fought through Watchdogs to Alexa and Red Skull, resurrected in Alexa’s husband’s body. Luckily, they were able to escape with the help of Ross’ Red Hulk form, leading to an exoneration for Cap.

However, it wasn’t enough. Lukin had already fomented enough rage and distrust across the country that multiple political demonstrations ended in violence. This was the plan all along. The Red Skull had used social media to reach the masses and brainwash followers. It was an enemy Cap couldn’t punch, so he riled up Red Skull into monologuing how he really feels about his followers. Using a spy cam, the Daughters were able to broadcast it on his own channel.

United States of Captain America

After Cap’s shield was stolen by an imposter Captain America (mind-controlled Speed Demon), Cap and Falcon tracked him to a railroad bridge. There, he used the shield to derail a train as a distraction. While Cap helped passengers escape the wreck, he mistook a helper inspired by Cap as the imposter. This helper was Aaron Fischer, a gay runaway who informed Cap of the Network of Captain Americas, do-gooders from across the country inspired by Cap. When a second masked stranger (Sin) tried to assassinate Aaron at the scene, Cap believed the rest of the network could be a target.

So, Sam agreed to hit the road with Cap protecting these would-be heroes. Their first stop was Harrisburg, PA, where Nichelle Wright was being framed by Sin for destroying a new water pipe that she helped get installed. Then, they chased Speed Demon to Kansas where they met up with a Native American Cap, Joe Gomez, and Bucky. Together, they protected a Native American candidate for governor from Speed Demon.

Upon learning that the imposter Caps had moved on to NORAD where they planned on releasing the Hate-Monger with their boss, Commander Krieger, Cap called as many hands on deck as he could, including US Agent. Cap with 5 of his proteges take on the imposters but manage to lose Krieger, who escaped with Hate-Monger.

Eventually, they tracked Hate-Monger to a broadcast intended to mesmerize the country. Unfortunately, it was a trap that he, Falcon, and US Agent got caught in. Krieger attempted to mesmerize Cap before the broadcast, but Bucky broke in, leading a many members of the Network. Together, they were able to stop Hate-Monger.

Judgment Day

When Druig of the Eternals declared the mutants were a type of Deviants, The Avengers, including Cap, banded together with pro-mutant Eternals to defend the new nation of Krakoa from being wiped out. The ally Eternals planned to revive the dead Celestial that made up Avengers Mountain. This backfired when The Progenitor decided to judge the entirety of Earth: human, mutant, and Eternal alike. Cap was one of the first to be judged. Unfortunately, his failure to inspire the people of Earth to do better, as evidenced by the violent anti-mutant fervor that Druig had easily created, meant that Cap was considered a failure.

Stung by Progenitor’s judgment, Cap fought through the demoralizing to continue to inspire people, while the smartest among the Eternals, Avengers, and mutants strategize a new plan. They decided to try Starfox’s ability to influence feelings to convince it to stop. Offended by this attempt, the Celestial decided to unilaterally fail the planet and made a first attack on Cap’s location. His shield protected him from the attack, but the civilians surrounding him were not as lucky. After a much needed civilian pep talk, Nightcrawler teleported Cap to the North Pole so that he could try to inspire the Celestial, only to be immediately killed. However, the real plan was for the mutant telepaths to connect everyone on Earth to Cap’s speech as one last ditch effort to inspire the world to stand together. As a result, the mutants agreed to break policy and use The Five to resurrect Captain America.

The Century Game

Feeling the need to get back to his roots, Cap rented his family’s old tenement apartment in New York, started auditing art classes at a local community college, and reconnected with his old ham radio friends, Radio Company. Their most recent catch-up was interrupted by a signal from an old numbers station that revealed plans for an attack on July 4th in New York. With Bucky’s help, Cap monitored the situation and stopped an imposter Destroyer, however, it was only the beginning.

Evidence pointed Cap to the forge where his shield was created, as well as the clandestine organization that authorized the super solider program, The Outer Ring. A warning had been built into the shield by the rebellious blacksmith so that Cap would one day be able to confront The Outer Circle. Cap revealed this information to Bucky, who, in turn, shared his information on the «Starpoints,» five assassins (including Bucky and Destroyer) who were employed by The Outer Circle to turn the tide of history in their favor.

With the help of another Starpoint, Redacted, they tracked down the Shadow Capital, the floating fortress of The Outer Circle. Although, Cap had every intention of taking them down, he was surprised by Bucky who accepted an offer from Outer Circle member, The Revolution, to kill him and take his place. Cap tried to talk Bucky out of it and ultimately fought him over it, but, despite Bucky swearing to be taking them down from inside, Cap was sick of being a pawn.

Personal Information

• Height: 6’2 1/2″ / 1.89m
• Weight: 220 lbs. / 100kg
• Eyes: Blue
• Hair: Golden Blond
• Identity: Publicly known
• Occupation: «Top Cop» of America, Avenger, adventurer; former soldier, public works artist, special SHIELD operative, freelance illustrator, police officer, history teacher, sparring partner, WPA artist
• Citizenship: U.S.A.
• Place of Birth: Manhattan, New York City, New York
• Education: High school graduate; one year of art school; military basic training; private tutoring in hand-to-hand combat, gymnastics, military strategy, piloting, demolition, and other disciplines
• Marital Status: Single
• Known Relatives: Steven Rogers (Captain America, ancestor, deceased), Joseph and Sarah Rogers (parents, deceased), unborn son (deceased), Ian Rogers (Nomad, adopted son)

Powers and Abilities

Super-Soldier Serum

Ultimate Human Condition

In the beginning the Super-Soldier Serum increased his body to the physical perfection of human potential or the next step in human evolution (though still a non-mutate). He is as strong, fast, durable and agile as any human could one day be — and his strength is referred to as being preternatural. His reflexes have also been increased to ultimate human potential and are nearly instantaneous (he is also capable of ‘seeing faster’ — enabling him to dodge bullets). He has run a mile in roughly a minute (approx 60 mph) and has bench-pressed 2200 pounds (1100 pounds on each side) for reps (just as a warm-up). His one-rep maximum is likely much higher. He also has uncanny accuracy, being able to hit multiple targets with a single throw of his shield, and having enough marksmanship to turn a light on and off through a shield throw alone.

Another major enhancement provided is the serum prevents the build-up of fatigue poisons in his muscles. This means he effectively never tires, making it possible for him to perform at his maximum ability when doing anything physical for an extraordinary length of time. However Captain America has displayed feats that would appear to be far outside the limits of a human. One of Captain America’s most recent durability feats is him surviving a 200ft fall on top of a car from an airplane and suffering no discomfort. Steve’s enhancement has also allowed him to survive building collapses and major explosions.

The serum also enhances his constitution, making him immune or highly resistant to many diseases and increasing the speed at which he heals from injuries and recuperates from illness. The serum is constantly being replenished by his body down to a cellular level.

Skills

Master Martial Artist and Combatant

Cap is an expert and adept in virtually every technique and form of martial arts, hand to hand, and weapons combat. He is a master of a large number of martial arts and has developed his own unique fighting-style which melds American and bare-knuckle Boxing, Taekwondo, various styles of Karate, Judo, Aikido, Jujitsu, Brazilian Jujutsu, Muay Thai, Jeet Kun Do, Krav Maga, Savate, pressure points, all-terrain acrobatics and the use of his own shield. He is also able to learn how to use most weapons (if not all) quickly, as Beast has described Cap as being capable of mastering any weapon in seconds. He has used chi-manipulation and many other techniques. He is a quick learner and learned these skills in a short amount of time. The known martial arts Steve used in his fighting style (without counting the variations) including but not limited to: Boxing, Judo, Karate, Taekwondo, Aikido, Hapkido, Krav Maga, Muay Thai, Muay Boran, Jeet Kun Do, Kung Fu, Kickboxing, Wendu, Defendu, Okinawa-te, Savate, Sambo, Wrestling, Systema, Taijutsu, Wing Chun, Jujitsu, Brazilian Jujutsu, Capoeira, Wushu, Pencak Silat, Kobudo, Vale Tudo, Eskrima, Jojutsu, Kenjutsu, Kendo, Iaido, Iaijutsu, Bojutso, Shinobi-Iri, Intonjutsu, Ninjutsu, Shurikenjutsu, Kayakujutsu, Chi-Mon, Cho-ho, Bartitsu, Keysi, Fencing, Dambe, KAPAP and U.S. Army Combatives.

Master shield fighter

An accomplished master with his signature shield, Cap can hit multiple throws by calculating ricochets. He can also use his shield as a tool for assaulting and fight against his opponents using his shield while defending himself from their attacks.

Master Marksman

His aim is unerringly top-notch which makes him an extraordinary master marksman. He can throw his shield in the calculated way he wants and is skilled enough to use Hawkeye’s Bow with the same accuracy and precision. He is also highly trained in the use of firearms and proved to be a deadly sharpshooter with several types of guns though he doesn’t like to use them.

Master Swordsman and Staff/Stick fighter

Steve is an excellent sword fighter as he was able to fight Wolverine, a master swordsman, easily and gaining an upperhand against him and later by his time in The Avengers with The Swordsman, his skills and knowledge were praised by him. He also proved to be highly proficient in the sue of Bo staffs and Kali sticks, using Daredevil’s billy club against himself with the same proficiency and skill which surprised Daredevil and commenting on them.

Master Strategist and Tactician

Cap is also a great and nearly unmatched leader, field commander, strategist and tactician. He led the Avengers for a long period of time, and his great experience makes him a seasoned commander on the battlefield. He also creates the plans for the Avengers. He also likes to keep himself prepared for any possible situation and study his opponents by any measure.

Master Hacker

Steve can hack into every form of digital data, systems and computers without leaving a trace or alerting security and tipping firearms with ease.

Expert in Arts of Espionage and Stealth

Cap is an expert and extremely experienced in fields of espionage, stealth, disguise, infiltration, escape arts, data gathering, sabotaging, surveillance and hostage-rescue as evident by his leadership and participation in almost every Secret Avengers mission.

Expert Military Operator

Also an expert military operator. He is well-versed and highly educated in every Armed force technique and discipline like reading codes and maps, drilling, marching, assassination, decrypting, intelligence gathering, survival, demolition, swimming, mountaineering, secret code languages reading, disguising and many more.

Expert Vehicular Driver

He is greatly skilled and very proficient in driving cars, bikes, tankers, trucks, boats, submarines, several types of trains and piloting jets and helicopters from civilian to military classes.

Multilingual

Cap is also a polyglot, he is fluent in English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Spanish and maybe more.

Paraphernalia

Costume

Captain America is usually seen with his Captain America chain-mail armor that is bulletproof, and is colored red, white and blue which represents his country’s flag. His costume covers up everything except his nose, mouth, and ears. It’s made out of Kevlar, Nomex, lightweight Titanium and an unknown polymer. This costume offers a mid-high level of resistance against electric shocks and force impacts fundamentally. This suit cannot be pierced or slashed with simple and rather normal sharp materials like woods, glass, iron and aluminum. It’s also resistant to high or low temperatures. In its helmet there is a small voice operated-wireless communicator which has its frequencies locked and almost untraceable that is also unaffected by jamming systems.

Shield

Cap’s trademark weapon is his vibranium alloy shield in which he always carries with him. This shield is 2.5 feet / 70 cm in diameter and weight 12 pounds / 5.5 kg. The shield is virtually unbreakable and absorbs the kinetic force of anything that strikes it, which enables Cap to ricochet the shield off of objects and allow it to come back to him. Despite it being nearly unbreakable, it has shattered a few times but has needed a highly-powerful being to do such a feat, such as Thanos (with his Infinity Gauntlet) or Odin’s brother, the Serpent. After giving the shield and costume to Bucky Barnes, Cap got a new costume and weapon. However, after Barnes faked his own death, Rogers would once again become Captain America and wield the shield. But then he lost his serum, and would become an old man. He would give the shield to Falcon as the new Captain America until Steve was again restored back to his youth, but allowed Sam to keep his trademark round shield and would instead wield an all-new one.

Cap’s (Hydra one) former wielded shield is similar in appearance to his classic, triangular shields he would use before he got his vibranium round one. This shield is made of an unknown metal, but is highly durable. The shield can split into two parts with the bottom part being capable of being shot at an opponent or disconnected if someone were to grab it. The biggest feature of the new shield is that of a laser blade that forms along the point of it that enables Cap to cut through things like steel with utter ease or used to dismember opponents.

Alternate Realities

Ultimate Universe (Earth-1610)

In the Ultimate universe, Captain America’s origin was much the same. He became a hero due to the Super-Soldier Serum and fought in World War II. His sidekick is Bucky, who photographs him and writes articles about him but isn’t a costumed fighter. In his final mission, he attempts to sabotage a Nazi nuclear missile, and the resulting explosion throws him into the Atlantic Ocean, putting him in suspended animation. He is discovered fifty years later by Tony Stark, and after reconciling with Bucky, is drafted into the Ultimates as the team’s field leader.

He played a crucial part in the team’s first mission — the Manhattan Crisis — when Bruce Banner injected himself with a Hulk serum mixed with Steve’s blood, causing him to Hulk out and go on a rampage. During the battle, Captain America nearly manages to inject the antidote into Hulk, but Hulk ultimately prevents this. Regardless, it was Captain America who formulated the winning strategy by sending Wasp into the Hulk’s brain. Banner’s brain was the one soft part of his body, and Wasp’s stings successfully bring down the berserk Hulk, changing him back into Banner.

After the Crisis, he learns of Hank Pym abusing Janet Pym, and proceeds to beat Giant-Man up. After successfully leading the team to defeat the Chitauri (an alien race of Nazi-allied shapeshifters whom Cap fought in WWII), Steve begins to date Jan. Captain America would then go on to lead the Ultimates in several other missions, including a clash with the Ultimate X-Men and fighting the super-villain group Six — which was comprised of Ultimate Spider-Man’s villains.

Six months after the battle with the Chitauri, Captain America participates in the team’s joint operation with the European Defense Initiative to take down Thor. Thor had just recently quit the team, and his half-brother Loki’s reality manipulating powers manage to trick the Ultimates into viewing Thor as a threat. Thor is soundly defeated by the two teams, and after the battle, the Ultimates would be sent into a Middle Eastern nation to destroy their nuclear arsenal.

But Loki’s meddling is far from over, and after Black Widow betrays the team and kidnaps Hawkeye while murdering his entire family, Loki magically alters the cameras in Hawkeye’s home to make it appear as though Captain America was the perpetrator. As a result, S.H.I.E.L.D. successfully detains and incarcerates Cap. But all of this turns out to be ruses to weaken America when the Liberators — a superhuman army comprised of the USA’s enemies, attacks the nation. But Captain America is eventually freed with the help of the Wasp, and along with the rest of the Ultimates and America’s superheroes, launches a counterattack against the Liberators. In the ensuing battle, Captain America defeats and executes the Liberators’ leader, fellow super-soldier Colonel Abdul al-Rahman. After the invasion of America is repelled, the Ultimates then decide to go independent (as their actions in the Middle East inadvertently triggered the invasion).

After this, Nick Fury would ask Cap to train the supposed mutant, Black Panther. He does so, but later finds out that Fury lied to him and that Fury has not let the Panther go home. With the help of Tony Stark, Steve makes himself a Black Panther disguise and joins the Ultimates as the Panther, allowing T’Challa to go home. Later in the Savage Lands while battling the Juggernaut, the rest of the team finds out that the Black Panther they know has been Cap the whole time, and they manage to defeat Ultron. When the ULTIMATUM Wave hits New York City, Cap is saved by Iron Man, but collapses and is taking to the Triskelion and put on life support. Cap later joins Thor in Valhalla, helping him fight Hela the goddess of death for Valkyrie’s soul. Captain America ultimately survives the events of Ultimatum. Post-Ultimatum, Captain America and Hawkeye are on a mission when Cap runs into the Ultimate version of the Red Skull. They battle aboard a helicopter and Cap is quickly and brutally beaten by his adversary. Captain America later learns that this Skull is his son, but after the Skull secures a Cosmic Cube, Cap is forced to kill his own flesh and blood.

Captain America would continue to lead the New Ultimates in various missions, including going against Fury’s black ops Avengers team and a vampire invasion. After the death of Spider-Man, he goes into exile over his failure to properly train the young superhero, but is later recalled back with the emergence of the grassroots terrorist group HYDRA. Subsequently, Ultimate Cap would eventually be elected as a wartime President of the United States. Shortly after resigning from presidency, Captain America was killed during Galactus’ attack on New York.

Ultimate Captain America can lift 2 to 4 tons, and is rated by his handbook strength as a 4, while his 616 counterpart is only a 3. Ultimate Captain America is classified as a superhuman, and he has shown enough strength to harm even powerful combatants like the Hulk and Juggernaut. His official bio states that he has mastered several martial arts, and has been shown to be able to defeat skilled fighters like Black Panther and Nuke. Ultimate Captain America is also considered a tactical genius, and has formulated many successful battle plans and strategies, and has also displayed intelligence levels that enable him to hack into classified S.H.I.E.L.D. files. In contrast to his mainstream universe counterpart, Ultimate Cap is willing to resort to any means in order to win, and will often improvise and use any strategy to triumph. He also has a low-level healing factor. As well, he is more likely to kill than the 616 version, and seems to dislike the French, as proven by his infamous quote, «You think this letter on my head stands for France!«

His standard piece of equipment is a metallic shield designed by Hank Pym (later destroyed by Valkyrie but reforged by Asgardians), and his uniform has a vibranium chestplate and is Kevlar-lined to be bulletproof. Ultimate Cap also frequently makes use of firearms and explosives.

Earth-8910

This Captain America is a rebuilt version of the original Cap, thanks to Stark Industries and Tony Stark. It has a computer inside which cooperates with his mind and works as a supporting device. Along with his traditional shield, he’s armed with a pistol, with which he goes around to look for new foes to kill.

Earth-9997

Much of Captain America’s past matches that of his Earth-616 counterpart; however recent insights into the past of the Captain America of Earth-9997 have been revealed by the studies made by X-51, Kyle Richmond, as well as Cap’s own travels through Mar-Vell’s cloak (which was once owned by the hero of the same name). At some point in his past, Cap was held prisoner of the Red Skull and an army of Neo-Nazis; during this encounter, the Red Skull claimed that Dr. Abraham Erskine was secretly a member of the Nazi party. The Red Skull went on to explain that Adolf Hitler had funded scientists to work for the Allies, so that their discoveries would aid the Axis powers. The secret plan of the Nazis for the super-soldier project was to create a perfect Aryan race, and as such, they picked Steve Rogers, a scrawny young man with blond hair and blue eyes. Red Skull also went on to explain that the assassin that killed Erskine was originally meant to kill Rogers after his birth, and that Erskine’s death was not intended. The Red Skull’s claims have not been substantiated, and could have possibly been used as mental torture. Since then, the Red Skull and his followers began worshiping Captain America as Hitler’s «one true son», and the Skull himself began attacking people in Cap’s personal life whom the Skull deemed «impure» or «unworthy» of Cap. At some point either prior to or after the death of the Red Skull, Cap came into the possession of the Cosmic Cube once more. Knowing that he would be too tempted to use it, he turned it over to the only person he knew would not be tempted to use it nor give it up to Cap no matter how much he begged for it: the Black Panther.

World Wide Mutation: At some point during the world-wide mutation of humanity due to the release of Terrigen Mists into Earth’s atmosphere, the Red Skull had tracked down and murdered Bernie Rosenthal, who was once the girlfriend of Captain America due to her brief association with Cap, and the Red Skull’s belief that Captain America had to live up to Hitler’s dream. The battle between Cap and the Red Skull following Bernie’s death ended with Captain America decapitating the Red Skull with his shield. Following the Skull’s death, Cap had vowed never to kill again. Soon after the Skull’s death, Cap quit the Avengers because he felt that since he had killed the Red Skull out of revenge that his continued membership would taint their ranks. Not long after, all the Avengers (except the Vision) were murdered by the Absorbing Man in Washington, D.C. As the world’s population began to rapidly mutate and anarchy spread across the world, Cap joined up with S.H.I.E.L.D. around the time that world meat shortages began. Soon after his joining of S.H.I.E.L.D., members of its organization were succumbing to the alien Hydra (including the Falcon, Dum Dum Dugan, Sharon Carter, and She-Hulk among others). When Norman Osborn bought his way into the White House, Captain America refused to serve under him or fight along with the Iron Avengers, a group of robots created by Tony Stark for Osborn to act as guardians of the United States and fight off the invasion of the alien Hydra. Soon the S.H.I.E.L.D. Helicarrier was taken down by Hydra and S.H.I.E.L.D. director Nick Fury died in the crash. When Cap investigated the crashed helicarrier, he found a video on its main computer from Nick Fury warning that Osborn was behind the creation of the Hydra and that S.H.I.E.L.D. and Cap’s friends were all targeted because Cap refused to work for Osborn.

Eventually, Cap returned to New York City and partnered up with Red Wing (Wyatt Wingfoot) and the Iron Avengers, finally working for Osborn, plotting to take him down, but it never came to pass.

Instead, during one of the Iron Avengers’ routine sweeps through New York City to eliminate the Hydra hordes, Cap almost submitted to the members of Hydra’s (all of whom were former friends of Cap) pleas to join the Hydra. When one of the Hydra approached with what appeared to be a cloth bearing the Punisher’s old insignia but in red, Cap quickly rejected the Hydra’s offer to join. After the Iron Avengers’ seemingly eliminated the Hydra, Cap assumed that the symbol on the cloth was an indication that the Red Skull had somehow returned.

Soon, Cap and Red Wing traveled to the fallen S.H.I.E.L.D. helicarrier to see if its computers could locate any other sign of this red skull insignia and found a large concentration of the image on the west coast. Cap and Red Wing then traveled to the west in one of S.H.I.E.L.D.’s flying cars.

In California, they found a large group of people (one of whom was Cap’s old ally Marshall Maldoon) working under the banner, collecting fish from the ocean as a food source. This pillaging of the sea caught the attention of Namor, who attacked this group and he soon clashed with Iron Maiden. During the battle, he suddenly stopped and bowed down to their leader, who, to Cap’s amazement was a teenage boy who went under the name of the Skull. It appeared that the Skull was able to make anyone in his vicinity his slave (it was later revealed that the Skull was in no way related to the Red Skull, but was really Benny Beckley, son of Comet Man. His powers were one of the many fail-safes that was implemented into human DNA by the Celestials when they originally manipulated the human race, so at a time when all humans had mutated, one of their numbers could control them all and they could better defend the planet from invaders).

Outraged by this form of slavery, Captain America and Red Wing confronted the Skull and demanded that he release the people that he controlled. The Skull found that Captain America was a laughing stock and took possession of Red Wing and had his masses attack Cap and drive him out of the vicinity. The Skull wanted Cap to be the only person free of his control, to mock the humbled hero.

Cap, without a cause, decided to remain on the west coast until he was approached by the Daredevil (not Matthew Murdock, but a freak show performer) who wanted to join Cap’s cause because he figured it was a surefire way to die (Daredevil’s mutation made it impossible for him to die). While Cap and Daredevil followed the Skull’s progression across the United States, Cap had sent ahead Daredevil’s circus companions to New York City to find Scott Summers (formally the X-Man, Cyclops) to train them to be the next X-Men. Aided by Pete Parker upon arriving in New York City, Cap and Daredevil located the Thing asking him to aid in rallying a counter army to stop the Skull from taking over the world. Using the tuning fork once belonging to the Inhuman royal pet named Lockjaw, Cap first approached Tony Stark to assist in battling the Skull. Stark insisted that his Iron Avengers would stop the army. However, the Iron Avengers were destroyed and as a result, President Osborn was assassinated by the Skull. Cap traveled the world recruiting superhumans from around the globe to assist in battling the Skull. From Japan, he recruited Lord Sunfire and his Red Ronin army; Ka-Zar and Shanna the She-Devil from the Savage Land; from Russia, he recruited Czar Colossus, the Black Widow, the Crimson Dynamo, and an army of Red Guardians; from Britain, Captain Britain, the Black Knight (secretly the son of Black Bolt), Dragon Man, and an army of Union Jacks, and finally Guardian and Sasquatch from Canada.

When Cap and his army traveled to Wakanda seeking aid from the Black Panther, Cap also asked to be given the Cosmic Cube for use against the Skull. The Black Panther refused to aid Cap and stated that should the Skull’s army make their way to Wakanda, he would deal with the invaders on his own. With his army, Cap returned to New York City and made an attack on the Skull and his army, and even with the added power of the Hulk and Bruce Banner, the Skull gained the upper hand by taking control of most of Cap’s warriors. Even after his defeat, the Skull refused to possess Cap and had his troops beat Cap. Cap made one final desperate lunge at the Skull and just before he was killed by Marshall Maldoon, he was rescued by Spider-Man, who had finally decided to get involved in heroics once more in order to save his daughter, Venom, who was one of the Skull’s slaves. The two heroes returned to the Thing’s loft where they regrouped with the Thing, and the X-Men, and they formulated a plan. After their first battle with the Skull, Cap had noticed that the Skull was unable to take control of the Hulk, and could only control the beast once he took control of Bruce Banner. Cap also realized that the Skull destroyed the Iron Avengers as opposed to taking control of them and realized that the Skull had no control over the mindless, and so employed the use of the Marvels (life-sized clay sculptures of many of Earth’s heroes in their prime that were created and given life by Alicia Masters, the wife of the Thing).

The two heroes returned to the Thing’s loft where they regrouped with the Thing, and the X-Men, and they formulated a plan. After their first battle with the Skull, Cap had noticed that the Skull was unable to take control of the Hulk, and could only control the beast once he took control of Bruce Banner. Cap also realized that the Skull destroyed the Iron Avengers as opposed to taking control of them and realized that the Skull had no control over the mindless, and so employed the use of the Marvels (life-sized clay sculptures of many of Earth’s heroes in their prime that were created and given life by Alicia Masters, the wife of the Thing).

Earth-2149 (Marvel Zombies)

In the Marvel Zombies reality, Cap was known as Colonel America, and he was the President of the United States. After being turned into a zombie, he raided secret government bunkers and ate countless people until the zombie Red Skull killed him, by scooping his brains out.

In Marvel Zombies 2, we see the return of Colonel America. A Frankenstein experiment carried out by the X-Man Forge, allowed the brain of Colonel America to be transplanted into the body of the Black Panther’s son T’Channa.

Earth-3010

On Earth 3010, Steve Rogers was known as General America. This version of the character fought for an oppressive, fascistic version of the United States, with his arch-nemesis being Lady Deadpool, the leader of the rebellion.

Earth-460/Earth-311

In Earth-460, the Purple Man had become president of the United States. He somehow sent Captain America to the year 1602 of an alternate reality, which created a divergent timeline designated Earth-311. In Earth-311 at the year 1602, Steve Rogers became Rojhaz, and joined an American Indian tribe. His arrival screwed up the timeline, and people started appearing in 1602 as analogues of themselves. Rojhaz didn’t want to leave, so he could create a prejudice-free USA, but 1602 Nick Fury forced him to go back to normal time and bring everything back to normal.

House of M

In the House of M storyline, Captain America (Steve Rogers) never got frozen in the iceberg that kept him youthful in modern times. Instead, Steve Rogers continued to fight alongside the Invaders (Namor, Human Torch 1, Miss America, and others) and protected the United States from all sorts of trouble and destruction. Steve Rogers gives up his mantle as Captain America after an argument with Senator McCarthy over the persecution of Mutants — particularly of Human Torch 1. He then joins the Space Program and becomes the first man to walk on the moon (changing Neil Armstrong’s famous line to «One small step for man, one giant leap for peace between man and mutant-kind). Although he marries Peggy Carter, they split up after an argument over Steve’s stance on S.H.E.I.L.D and Mutant persecution. In the end, Steve retires from the service, and is accosted by a group of young mutants who beat him in a subway station.

Earth-982 (MC 2 Universe)

In the MC2 universe, Cap’s origin and suspended animation were exactly the same. Once he had joined the MC2 Avengers, they went on a perilous mission that claimed most of their lives. Cap stayed behind to help others on the mission and was considered missing in action. Later, he gave American Dream his shield, as he saw in her the dedication he had when he was fighting. Steve was last seen leading the young superheroes against their superhero parents who were being mind-controlled by Loki. He was fatally injured, but in order to preserve his legacy, Thor used his power to immortalize him by turning him into a star resembling his shield to honor him.

Earth-2301 (Mangaverse)

In the Marvel Mangaverse, Captain America is both the leader of the Avengers and the president of the United States. He was killed by Doctor Doom. Carol Danvers (Ms. Marvel in 616) becomes the new Cap.

Earth-398

Yeoman America was Captain America (Steve Rogers) altered by Morgan Le Fay’s reality distortion wave. The wave caused the time period to be altered to a medieval setting altering the Avenger’s clothing, speech patterns, and thought processes. All of the Avengers involved believed themselves to be a part of the Queen’s elite guard known as the Queen’s Vengeance. The Scarlet Witch, with the combined willpower of all the awakened Avengers, pumped power into Wonder Man, shifting reality back to normal, and defeated Morgan in the process.

Earth-1298 (Mutant X)

Steve Rogers was mentioned to be too busy to help mount an attack on the Goblin Queen by Quicksilver to Magneto. After he died, an unknown mutant took his place as Captain America.

Steven Rogers never shows up in the Mutant X reality, though his mutant replacement is around quite a bit.

Earth-9811 ( Battleworld )

In this reality, also called Battleworld, Captain America and Rogue had a daughter called Crusader. The daughter was called Sarah Rogers.

Earth-9602 (Amalgam)

In the Amalgam Universe, Captain America was merged with Superman. The new character was called Super-Soldier. Captain America’s (or rather Super-Soldier’s) shield was replaced with Superman’s logo, and is missing the top part of his mask piece, revealing his hair. (which is designed after Superman’s hair). While this amalgam shared Superman’s name, he also shared Captain America’s backstory.

Earth-8311

In the Larval Universe, Steve Rogers and his alter ego, Captain America, are turned into a cat named Steve Mouser and Captain Americat. He is working in the Daily Beagle (this universe’s version of the Daily Bugle).

What If…?: Age of Apocalypse (Earth-295)

In «What If both Professor X and Magneto was both killed by Legion?», Captain America is the leader of the Defenders, which is composed of Weapon X, Captain Britain, Brother Voodoo, the Thing, Colossus, Sauron, Molecule Man and Nate Summers. The Defenders have learned the truth of their reality and have sworn not to change the past but defeat Apocalypse in the present. In this reality, Steve appears unmasked, wearing an eyepatch, and is in possession of Thor’s hammer, Mjolnir along with his shield.

After the team defeats Apocalypse in a climactic battle, Nate Summers betrays the team’s oath and attempts time travel into the past to prevent Legion from killing Professor X and Magneto using Apocalypse’s technology. Steve then fires lightning at Nate using Mjolnir, an act which, although killed Nate, also killed hundreds of others across the time portal and causing yet another version of the Age of Apocalypse reality.

Earth-9939

In this reality, Captain America leads the Avengers against Charnel and his «children». After Charnel conquered and destroyed the Earth, very few people are still alive in this reality. In an effort to prevent it from coming to be in another world, Captain America and the Avengers travel to Earth-616, where they fight Death’s Head II, believing him to be Charnel. When the real Charnel surfaces, the Avengers and DH II team up, and manage to defeat Charnel. Captain America is killed along with most of this reality’s Avengers in the process. One of the final heroes fighting against Charnel. He led the last of his Avengers back to the past (specifically, Earth-616), to stop Charnel from gaining too much power. He was killed during the conflict.

Earth-9031

In this alternate reality, Captain America never awoke from his cryogenic slumber because the Sub-Mariner remained a homeless amnesiac. Namor never met Johnny Storm, who went on to become a world-class race car driver.

Earth-929

In this alternate reality, the Fantastic Four never existed. Without them, Namor remains a wandering amnesiac and Captain America was never freed from his icy tomb.

Earth-1720

In this reality, Captain America is known as Captain Hydra. He’s the warrior of Hand. In this world, Hydra rules the world.

Steven Rogers of Earth-1081

Not much is known about the past history of Captain America on Earth-1081 presumably most of his history and origins are on par with most realities. It has been identified by Morph that during World War II, this version of Captain America served in his realities Invaders, where he would clash with the vampire lord Baron Blood. Eventually, in the modern era, Captain America would slay Baron blood. Also in the modern era, Captain America would be a member of the Avengers.

Weapon America

Weapon America is a variant of Captain America that went through multiple super soldier programs. In addition to Project: Rebirth, he went through Weapon X (where he received adamantium claws) and Project: Homegrown (where he had an American flag tattooed on his face). He was pulled from his timestream and placed in a prison with other variants of Steve Rogers. He and the other Steves were baited into trying to escape to prove their worth for a multiversal army to stand against Mephisto.

Other Media

Film

Captain America TV movies

In 1979, two Captain America TV movies were produced for CBS. Captain America starred Reb Brown as the title character, with his origin updated to the 1970’s rather than the 1940’s. This version of Steve Rogers is a reluctant, somewhat whiny artist who has no interest in being a hero until he is injured in an accident. His life is saved by a dose of FLAG, a special serum created by his deceased father, which allows him to become Captain America. In the sequel, Captain America II: Death Too Soon, Cap battles a South American terrorist named General Miguel (played by Christopher Lee).

Captain America

For further detail: Captain America

The film starts in 1936 when a fascist government kidnaps a talented boy from his family. The boy is needed for an experimental project to create a fascist super-soldier; however, Dr. Vaselli (Carla Cassola) objects to using the boy, and under the cover of gunfire, flees.

Seven years later, the American government finds a volunteer in Steve Rogers, a loyal all-American that is excluded from the draft because of his illness. The formula successfully transforms Rogers into the perfect soldier. Before any more super soldiers can be created using the formula kept in her head, Dr. Vaselli is murdered by a Nazi spy. Meanwhile, the Italian boy has become the Red Skull and is planning to launch a missile at the White House. Now code-named Captain America, he is sent in to defeat the Skull and deactivate the missile.

However, after a brutal battle, the Red Skull tricks and defeats Captain America and ties him to the missile as it is about to launch. Cap is able to grab hold of the Red Skull, forcing him to cut off his hand in order to avoid being launched into destruction with Cap. While the missile is overhead, a young boy named Thomas Kimball takes a photograph as Cap forces the missile to change course and land, where he remains frozen until 1993.

Kimball goes on to become an honest politician and Vietnam War hero until being elected the President. In 1993, a year into his term, he is pushing for pro-environmentalist legislation that is angering the military-industrial complex, who hold a secret conference led by the Red Skull.

After the War, the Red Skull had extensive plastic surgery done in a partially successful attempt to alter his disfigured features, raised a daughter, and became the leader of a powerful crime family. In the 1960s, this American military-industrial complex hired the Red Skull and his thugs to murder various Americans who were against their militarism and Red Skull’s fascism, such as Dr. Martin Luther King, President John F. Kennedy, and Robert Kennedy. Now, Red Skull is targeting President Kimball for assassination.

Cap’s frozen body is found by researchers, and he awakens still thinking that it is the 1940s. After battling some of the Red Skull’s thugs, he brushes off Sam Kolawetz (Ned Beatty), a reporter and childhood friend of President Kimball, and hitchhikes his way back to his wartime girlfriend, Bernice (Kim Gillingham), in the movie.

While Bernice still lives at her old residence, she has long since married and raised her own daughter, Sharon. Sharon subsequently shows a series of VHS history tapes in order for Cap to catch up on what has happened while he was frozen in ice. Meanwhile, the Red Skull’s thugs, lead by his daughter, break into Bernice’s house and kill her. They also cause her husband to have a heart attack during their efforts to find where Cap is hiding out. Rogers and Sharon visit the secret underground base where he gained his superpowers, in the hopes that Dr. Vaselli’s diary is still there and contains the original name of the Red Skull.

Although Rogers and Sharon find the diary, the Red Skull’s thugs attempt to grab it. Rogers and Sharon vow revenge as well as the rescue of the recently kidnapped president. They locate and travel to the Red Skull’s home and discover an old recording of the murder of his parents. Sharon agrees to be kidnapped in order to allow Steve Rogers, who once again dons his costume, to enter the Red Skull’s castle.

In the midst of their battle, the Red Skull pulls out a remote trigger for an explosive device, but Cap knocks him off a cliff with his trademark shield before the bomb can be set off.

The United States Marines show up to save the President and arrest the Americans involved in the kidnapping. The credits roll with a comic book image of Captain in the background and a plea to support the United States Environmental Protection Act of 1990.

Marvel Cinematic Universe

The Incredible Hulk (2008)

A deleted scene in The Incredible Hulk shows Captain America’s still-frozen body. After Bruce Banner attempts to commit suicide, he transforms into the Hulk and goes on a rampage, destroying the surrounding area. When this occurs, Captain America’s shadowy form can briefly be seen trapped in the ice. The scene was cut from the movie’s theatrical release, but was included on the DVD.

Captain America: The First Avenger (2011)

In Captain America: The First Avenger, Steve Rogers (played by Chris Evans) is a young man with a great will and attitude to do his part for his country. He continuously tries to join the Army and is continuously rejected for various health and physical issues. When he attended the Stark World Expo, on a double date with his friend James Barnes, his date is not happy with him because of his weak appearance. He tries to enlist again, and for the first time, he is allowed to by Dr. Abraham Erskine, who overheard the conversation between Steve and Bucky and the good heart and will that Steve has.

He is recruited into Project: Rebirth, a super-soldier experiment to win the war. General Phillips is not happy with Erskine’s choice of Steve being the right person for this procedure. The night before the procedure, Steve gets an unexpected meeting from Erskine, who reveals to him about Johann Schmidt, the first super-soldier, who went through an imperfect version of the serum and gained super-human abilities but also suffered side-effects, as well as revealing that a «Strong man who has known power all his life, loses the respect for that power, but a weak man knows the value of strength and knows compassion.» Steve goes through the treatment and transforms into a much stronger and taller human being, a Super Solider.

After this procedure, Erskine is killed by an assassin of Schmidt’s, Heinz Kruger. Steve chases and captures the assassin, who commits suicide before an actual interrogation. Rather than use him on the battlefield he is toured across the nation to promote war bonds as » Captain America», since he is the last and only success of the Super Soldier Serum. While on one of his tours, Steve learns of Barnes unit being lost in battle. Refusing to believe he is dead Steve goes on a solo rescue mission with the help of Peggy Carter and Howard Stark. Steve infiltrates the Hydra base and frees the captured soldiers alongside Barnes. He eventually confronts Schmidt, who reveals his true face, which a red-colored disfigured and skull-like.

After the rescue, Steve recruits Barnes, Dugan, Jones, Morita, Falsworth, and Dernier to attack known Hydra bases. He is provided with an upgraded suit, that he designed, and a new circular shield made of Vibranium. They attack a Hydra train to capture Arnim Zola, but lose Barnes. Steve later on leads an attack on Schmidt’s base. He jumps on board Schmidt’s secret weapon, and confronts him. During their fight, Steve damages the container of the Tesseract. In doing this, Schmidt for the first time grabs the Tesseract, which causes him to vanish into a bright light. Steve seeing no safe way to land the plane. with the bombs and weapons on board, makes a daring decision to crash the plane into the Arctic. He does just that, and begins his 70-year time in suspended animation.

He remains frozen until the present day, when he is found. He is taken and awakens in a hospital room. He quickly figures out something is wrong, because of the baseball game on the radio. He flees out of the room into a present New York, which takes him by surprise, and is confronted by Nick Fury who informs Steve that he was asleep for almost 70 years. When Fury asked if he was going to be OK, Steve in a sad tone replies «I had a date».

The Avengers (2012)

Chris Evans reprises his role as Captain America in The Avengers. Steve Rogers finds himself lost in a new world, after his defrosting. He recounts various memories of his life in the 1940s and World War 2, while he is working out in a boxing gym. Nick Fury approaches him with a mission to save the world again. He is informed about Loki and how he stole the Tesseract, to conquer Earth, to which Steve is not thrilled to learn about especially the Tesseract, Hydra’s secret weapon and power source. Even though he accepts the mission, he tells Fury «you should have left it in the ocean», when asked about any important information on the Tesseract.

Aboard the Quinjet, Steve is debriefed on each member of the Avengers Initiative, and one in particular intrigues him, Bruce Banner. He was informed by Agent Coulson that Banner tried to recreate the Super Soldier Serum, which he believed low levels of Gamma Radiation to be the key. Onboard the Helicarrier, he gives Nick Fury 10 bucks, since he was wrong about how much the world has changed. SHIELD later learns of Loki’s location, Germany, Captain America, and Black Widow are sent in to apprehend him. While Loki is about to kill an old man, Captain America intervenes and battles Loki, to which Loki has the upper hand even though Cap is not giving up, eventually Loki gives up, after the intervention of Iron Man.

While escorting Loki to S.H.I.E.L.D., Steve is uncomfortable over how easy it was to capture him, but before he could go any further they are interrupted by the arrival of Thor, who has come to earth to take his brother and the Tesseract back to Asgard. While Thor and Iron Man are battling each other on the ground, Rogers gets ready to jump off the Quinjet, to which Natasha informs him is a dangerous idea because of them being Gods and far more powerful than he is, to which he replies «There’s only one God ma’am, and I don’t think he looks like that!». He stops the fight between Tony and Thor, but angers Thor to attack him, to no avail because of Rogers’s shield.

Onboard the Helicarrier the team listens to the conversation between Fury and Loki. Rogers discovers that S.H.I.E.L.D. has possession of Hydra tech from World War Two and information on Phase 2, to create weapons of mass destruction powered by the Tesseract just like Hydra, which turns into an argument over the roles of each member and Tony’s characteristic as a hero, leading them to be oblivious about the attack on the Helicarrier. While the Hulk is rampaging inside the Helicarrier and Thor is trying to stop him, Steve and Tony try to restart one of the Helicarrier engines. Even though they succeed they end up losing an Agent, as well as Loki escaping his captivity.

Tony and Steve devise a plan to take on Loki, and the battle in New York begins. With the arrival of the Hulk, the Avengers take on the horde of Chitauri that is entering through the portal that has opened on top of Stark Tower. After the capture of Loki, Thor takes him and the Tesseract back to Asgard, and the Avengers go their separate ways.

Captain America: The Winter Soldier (2014)

Chris Evans reprises his role again in the 2014 film Captain America: The Winter Soldier. Set two years after the Chitauri invasion of New York, the movie sees Rogers now working as an agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. alongside Black Widow and the STRIKE team. When his old friend Bucky emerges as the brainwashed assassin Winter Soldier and a conspiracy within S.H.I.E.L.D. is discovered, Cap goes on the run and recruits the Falcon as his new partner.

The heroes discover that Bucky is working for HYDRA, who have infiltrated S.H.I.E.L.D. and are planning to conquer the world by using three new Helicarriers. Cap and Falcon manage to bring down the Helicarriers while Black Widow exposes HYDRA’s plans to the public. The movie ends with Bucky rescuing Cap and disappearing to parts unknown, with Cap and Falcon resolving to track him down.

Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015)

Chris Evans returns as Captain America once again in the 2015 movie Avengers: Age of Ultron. He sports yet another new costume, as well as a magnetic gauntlet that allows him to control the shield in mid-flight.

After the events of The Winter Soldier, Steve has returned to the Avengers in order to help take down the remaining HYDRA cells. He repeatedly clashes with Iron Man throughout the film due to the two heroes’ vastly differing ideas on how best to protect the planet. One such way is Ultron, an artificial intelligence program that goes rogue and builds itself into a killer robot. Cap leads the Avengers to the fictional country of Sokovia to stop Ultron from destroying the world.

After several of the original members leave the team, the film ends with Captain America and Black Widow preparing to lead a new team of Avengers consisting of War Machine, Vision, Falcon, and Scarlet Witch, acting as a nod to the «Cap’s Kooky Quartet» period from the comics.

Ant-Man (2015)

Chris Evans makes a cameo appearance as Captain America in Ant-Man. In a short post-credits scene, Captain America and Falcon are shown with the Winter Soldier, whose arm is trapped in some sort of vise. When Cap states that they cannot call Iron Man or the Avengers for assistance, Falcon mentions that Scott Lang may be able to help them out. This scene ended up being taken directly from the succeeding movie, Captain America: Civil War.

Captain America: Civil War (May 6, 2016)

Chris Evans returns once again as Captain America in Captain America: Civil War. The film opens up a year after Age of Ultron, with Cap still leading the New Avengers. After a disastrous mission in Lagos, Nigeria results in civilian casualties, the nations of the world craft the Sokovia Accords, a series of laws designed to regulate and control the Avengers.

Steve opposes the laws, arguing that they could lead to the governments using the Avengers for political agendas. The situation is complicated when Bucky is framed for a terrorist attack in Vienna, with the Avengers not being authorized to bring him in. After Cap and Falcon violate the Accords by trying to bring in Bucky themselves, the Avengers opposed to the Accords become fugitives hunted by Iron Man and Avengers who support the Accords.

The film ends with a violent confrontation between Cap and Iron Man, which Cap ultimately wins. He relinquishes his shield and goes on the run, and is last seen hiding out in Wakanda.

Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017)

Chris Evans appears in a cameo in Spider-Man: Homecoming as part of a number of school board videoes, including a fitness challenge video shown to Peter Parker’s class. He is shown wearing his uniform from the first Avengers movie.

Avengers: Infinity War (2018)

Chris Evans reprises his role as Steve Rogers in Avengers: Infinity War. He now sports a dirtier version of his Captain America uniform while growing facial hair after being on the run from the authorities. Instead of sporting his signature shield, he now uses gauntlets that were made in Wakanda.

He first appears alongside Black Widow and Falcon while saving Vision and Scarlet Witch from an ambush made by Corvus Glaive and Proxima Midnight, who were trying to obtain the Soul Stone from Vision. After the three reunite with their former comrades, they decide to travel to the Avengers Headquarters only to find James Rhodes and a hologram of Thunderbolt Ross having a meeting, with the latter threatening the rogue superheroes with their criminal records and Rogers retorting that he was not there to fight the government but will fight them as well if needed.

After Ross leaves, Rogers and the other Avengers assess how they would have to deal with the Soul Stone dilemma and finally came to the conclusion that they needed to head to Wakanda in order to remove the Soul Stone from Vision’s head to avoid killing him while keeping the stone in a safe place away from Thanos. The Avengers ultimately fail to stop Thanos from killing Vision, and Thanos subsequently completes the Gauntlet and uses it to wipe out half of the universe. At the end of the film, a despondent Captain America is shown lamenting the loss of many of his friends.

Captain Marvel (2019)

Chris Evans reprised his role as Cap in the post-credit scene of Captain Marvel. In the present, he and the other Avengers had collected Nick Fury’s special cosmic beeper and were monitoring the deep space signals it was producing. Captain Marvel would then surprise them demanding to know where Fury was. It is implied that they compared notes and sent her into deep space to find Tony Stark, which she does at the beginning of Avengers: Endgame.

Avengers: Endgame (2019)

Chris Evans reprised his role in Avengers: Endgame, reportedly for the final time. Five years after Thanos’ victory, Steve now runs a support group for the survivors. Despite this, he still has not gotten over the loss of Bucky, Sam, and the others. When Scott Lang arrives and tells Steve and Natasha that time travel may hold the key to retrieving the Infinity Stones and using them to resurrect those who were killed by Thanos, Steve makes peace with Tony. He, Tony, and Scott travel back to 2012 (during the events of the first Avengers movie) in order to get both the Mind Stone and the Space Stone, but fail to retrieve the latter. Steve and Tony travel back even further to the 1970s, where they manage to get the Space Stone and more pym particles.

After successfully using the Infinity Stones to bring back most of those who died, Steve and the other Avengers battle Thanos and his army. It is here that Cap is able to use Mjolnir, proving that he is worthy. At the close of the film, he volunteers to go back in time to return the Infinity Stones to where they belong, but ultimately chooses to stay in the past to live out his life with Peggy. In the end, an aged Steve passes the shield and Captain America mantle to Sam.

Video Games

Spider-Man and Captain America in Doctor Doom’s Revenge

Captain America is one of the two playable characters in this game, where he and Spider-Man battle a host of supervillains led by Doctor Doom.

Captain America and The Avengers

Captain America is one of the four playable Avengers in this game, alongside Iron Man, Hawkeye, and the Vision.

Marvel vs Capcom series

Captain America is a playable fighter in this series of Japanese fighting games. He appears in Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter, Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes, and Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes. He was voiced by Cathal J. Dodd.

Captain America in: The Doom Tube of Doctor Meglomann

Captain America appeared as the protagonist in this, which was his first solo game.

Spider-Man and Venom: Separation Anxiety

Captain America appears in this game.

Avengers in Galactic Storm

Captain America appears as a playable fighter in this Japanese fighting game from Data East, which is loosely based on the Operation: Galactic Storm crossover.

Marvel: Ultimate Alliance

Captain America is a playable character, and one of the four stars, alongside Thor, Spider-Man, and Wolverine. In the beginning, he and the other three are summoned by Nick Fury to combat the Masters of Evil, who are attacking the S.H.I.E.L.D. helicarrier. While one can play as any hero available, Cap still appears in all the cutscenes — including the ones of higher quality (except «Doom’s Day).

Marvel: Ultimate Alliance 2

Captain America is a playable character and leads the Anti-Registration side. As M: UA 2 adapts the Secret War and Civil War storylines, Cap’s role is similar to his role in said storylines. Cap, Wolverine, and Spidey are once again summoned by Nick Fury with a mission (Iron Man takes Thor’s place) — this time to take down Lucia von Bardas. One year later, Lucia has her revenge, and begins setting the stage for the Civil War part of the arc, where Cap becomes the leader of the Anti-Registration side.

Marvel vs. Capcom 3

Captain America is a playable character in Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds, as well as its update, Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3. Brian Bloom reprised his role from the Avengers: Earth’s Mightiest Heroes cartoon.

Captain America: Super Soldier

Captain America fights through Baron Zemo’s castle in the tie-in to the Captain America: The First Avenger live-action movie. Chris Evans reprised his role from the movie.

Marvel Heroes

In the Free To Play MMO game Marvel Heroes, Captain America is one of the characters that can be purchased by the player. Several famous costumes can be purchased as well, like the Captain America: Reborn, Commander Steve Rogers, and The Captain costumes

Marvel Avengers Alliance

Captain America is playable in this Facebook game.

Contest of Champions

Captain America appears as a playable fighter. An alternate version of Captain America in his costume from Captain America: The First Avenger dubbed «WWII Captain America» was later released as a special promo for the 4th of July.

Disney Infinity

Captain America is a playable hero in the Marvel Super Heroes expansion pack, voiced by Roger Craig Smith. A new version of Cap in his Captain America: Civil War costume was later released for Disney Infinity 3.0.

Marvel Future Fight

Captain America is a playable character in the mobile app game.

Marvel vs. Capcom: Infinite

Captain America returned as a playable fighter in the fourth Marvel vs. Capcom game, once again voiced by Brian Bloom.

Marvel Ultimate Alliance 3: The Black Order

Captain America returned in the third Ultimate Alliance game, with Brian Bloom once again reprising his role.

Marvel’s Avengers

Captain America appears as one of the main playable characters in the Square Enix Avengers game. He is voiced by Jeff Schine.

Fortnite

In the summer of 2020, Captain America was added to the popular Fortnite battle royale game.

Marvel Midnight Suns

Captain America is a playable character in the tactical RPG Marvel Midnight Suns.

Animation

X-Men: The Animated Series

Captain America made an appearance in the X-Men episode «Old Soldiers», which involved Cap and Wolverine fighting side-by-side in World War II. He was voiced by Lawrence Bayne.

Spider-Man: The Animated Series

Captain America appeared in several episodes of Spider-Man: The Animated Series. He was first seen in a flashback in the episode «The Cat», before making a proper appearance in the «Six Forgotten Warriors» and «Secret Wars» storylines. In this version of the story, Captain America was the leader of a team of Super Soldiers known as the Six American Warriors (whose ranks included the Destroyer, Black Marvel, Miss America, Thunderer, and the Whizzer). Near the end of World War 2, Captain America and Red Skull were sucked into a time vortex, which placed them both in suspended animation. In the present, the two were rescued from the vortex, only to end up back inside it after Captain America sacrificed himself to stop his old foe. During the «Secret Wars» arc, Captain America was again rescued from the vortex, this time to aide Spider-Man on Battleworld. He was voiced by David Hayter.

Avengers: United They Stand

Captain America appeared in the opening credits of Avengers: United We Stand in every episode, as did Iron Man and Thor. However, Cap was not an active member of the actual team; it was the same case with the former two. Whereas Thor never appeared outside the opening credits, Iron Man and Cap did make at least one appearance each. In Cap’s case, he appeared in the sixth episode, «Command Decision», where he helps the Avengers defeat the Masters of Evil. He was voiced by Dan Chameroy.

X-Men: Evolution

Like the previous series, an episode of X-Men: Evolution was devoted to showing the previous cooperation between the two. However, it goes further in explaining the Captain’s absence and how it is related to the plot when Magneto sought the physical abilities of the hero. Cap is the only superhero to make an appearance, even though he’s not a member of the X-Men or a mutant in general.

Avengers: Earth’s Mightiest Heroes

Captain America has a much larger role in the second, more-acclaimed series, Avengers: Earth’s Mightiest Heroes, voiced by Brian Bloom. Much like his 616 counterparts, Captain America served in WWII and was thought dead after his final mission. He attempted to disable a bomb launched by the Red Skull, and the resulting explosion threw him into Arctic waters, where he froze and remained in suspended animation for decades. Captain America was eventually found by the Avengers (who were searching for a rogue Hulk). After fighting his own WWII enemy Baron Zemo, as well as Arnim Zola and his creation Doughboy, Captain America would then join the Avengers.

He served as a loyal member of the Avengers in their missions during this time. He and the rest of the Avengers aided Black Panther in reclaiming Wakanda, defeated Zemo’s Masters of Evil, and Captain America also helped Hawkeye in his unsanctioned attack on HYDRA Island. But Captain America was the inadvertent cause of one of the Avengers’ biggest threats when Kang the Conqueror traveled to the 21st century to kill Cap. He claimed that Cap was an anomaly in the space-time continuum, and that Captain America’s betrayal would eventually lead to the destruction of Earth. Kang would eventually be defeated, but his claims would have repercussions in the next season. Captain America meanwhile, continued to adjust to 21st-century life; teaching Iron Man how to fight without his armor and getting used to the J.A.R.V.I.S. AI and the Quinjet.

The Avengers also went up against both A.I.M. and HYDRA, who were fighting over a Cosmic Cube created by the former. During the battle, Captain America wrestled with Baron von Strucker (leader of HYDRA) for the Cube, and they both touched it at the same time. While it seemed as though nothing happened, the Cube secretly worked — fulfilling Cap’s truest desire — resurrecting his dead sidekick Bucky who was killed in the bomb’s explosion during WWII. Subsequently, Cap would fight with the rest of the Avengers against Ultron, Malekith the Accursed, and Loki with the power of Odin. At the end of the first season, Captain America was ambushed by a Skrull shapeshifter in his room, who announced that the invasion had begun.

At the start of the second season, Captain America started wearing an energy shield designed by Tony, to replace the shield he had lost when Odinforce Loki destroyed it. In one crucial mission, Baron Zemo, Crimson Dynamo, Wonder Man, and Abomination sought the aid of the Avengers to defeat Enchantress and Executioner (who were hunting down their former teammates). Zemo placed Captain America in charge of the plan to disable Enchantress’s power because he knew he could trust Cap, but as the Skrull shapeshifter was masquerading in Cap’s place, ‘Captain America’ betrayed Zemo. This was one of the hints that Cap had been replaced. Later on, when Iron Man receives intel that a member of his team is a Skrull shapeshifter, the team fractures in distrust and breaks apart. Only Captain America, Hulk, Wasp, and Hawkeye remained together.

As his Skrull impersonator continued to lead the team, the real Captain America was being tortured and held in a Skrull spaceship. They were trying to figure out how to break him, so as to learn how to defeat humanity, but failed to do so. Instead, Cap was able to engineer an escape, and temporarily teamed up with all of the superheroes and villains who were captured and impersonated — Madame Viper, Mockingbird, Agent Quartermain, Cobra, Henry Gyrich, Invisible Woman, and an A.I.M. grunt. Together, the group made an escape, hijacking a Skrull craft back to Earth and subduing Super-Skrull. Back on Earth, the fake Captain America gave the order for the Skrull fleet to begin infiltrating Wakanda and Washington, D.C. The Skrulls had realized that they shouldn’t try to defeat humanity, but use ‘Captain America’ to convince them.

Back on Earth, the team is finally reassembled together after initial misunderstandings, and the Skrull invasion begins. Super-Skrulls are used to subdue the Avengers, and the Cap impersonator goes on live TV to try to subdue the human race by telling them to embrace the Skrull Empire (thus fulfilling Kang’s claim that Cap’s betrayal would end the world). But the real Cap returns, and together with the Avengers (Iron Man figured out how to reveal Skrull disguises as well), they defeat the invasion. Captain America successfully defeats his impersonator, though his reputation has been ruined in the fallout. As a result of his Skrull impersonator, the public turns against Cap and brands him a traitor. But after a mission with Spider-Man where they saved a group of innocents, the Daily Bugle clears his name.

Cap would then go on to fight in several other missions (facing off against the Vision, the Loki-Destroyer, Annihilus, and a Purple-Man controlled Iron Man) but his past would come back to haunt him when Senator Dell Rusk (secretly the Red Skull) attacks the team. The team was comprised of conditioned heroes, including the Winter Soldier — who was actually Bucky. Bucky and Cap eventually reconcile, though after defeating Red Skull and his Sleepers, the two go their separate ways. After getting Hulk back on the team, the Avengers would then go on to fight the Kree Empire and the Supreme Intelligence, with the aid of Captain Marvel. The last episode of the series would also have the Avengers and all superheroes go up against Galactus and his heralds.

In the final scene of the series, Galactus is defeated and the crowd cheers on as Captain America tells Iron Man, «You wanted to know how history will remember the Avengers, Iron Man? Well, here’s your answer.»

Captain America has the Super-Soldier Serum in his veins, granting him peak human conditioning. He also had his indestructible shield.

Ultimate Spider-Man

The Ultimate version of Captain America appears in Ultimate Spider-Man as a member of the Avengers. He teams up with Spider-Man to retrieve his shield in the episode «Not A Toy» and then teams up with Wolverine and Spidey to defeat Arcade in the episode «Game Over». He is voiced by Roger Craig Smith in the show.

Avengers Assemble

The Ultimate version of Captain America appears as one of the main characters in the animated series Avengers Assemble. Though his costume resembles his Ultimate counterpart, his personality is more in line with the classic Captain America. He frequently clashes with Iron Man over their differences, and acts as a friend and mentor to the Falcon, the youngest member of the Avengers. Roger Craig Smith reprises his role from Ultimate Spider-Man, with a performance largely based on Chris Evan’s portrayal of Cap.

Marvel Disk Wars: The Avengers

Captain America appears as one of the main characters in Marvel Disk Wars: The Avengers, a Japanese anime series by Toei Animation. He sports an armored design in contrast to his sleeker comic costume. This version is one of the few remaining Avengers after most of the world’s heroes are captured by Loki, and is partnered with a teenage boy named Chris. He is voiced by Yasuyuki Kase.

Marvel Future Avengers

Captain America appears as a major character in the Marvel Future Avengers anime, voiced by Kazuhiro Nakaya in the Japanese version and by Roger Craig Smith in the English dub.

Marvel’s Spider-Man

Captain America guest-stars in Marvel’s Spider-Man episode «School of Hard Knocks,» voiced by Roger Craig Smith once again. Ms. Marvel comes to the Bilderberg Academy to search for Captain America after he, Captain Marvel, and Hulk have gone missing, and teams up with Spider-Man to find them. He returns in the episodes «Bring on the Bad Guys: Part 2, Bring on the Bad Guys: Part 4» and «The Cellar.»

In the two-part Season 3 episode «Vengeance of Venom,» Captain America is one of the heroes who becomes possessed by a Venom symbiote.

What If…?

Captain America appears as a recurring character in the Disney+ animated series What If…?, voiced by Josh Keaton.

• He first appears in the episode «What If… Captain Carter Were the First Avenger?» where he is shot and badly injured just before he can be injected with the Super Soldier Serum. Unable to go through with the experiment, he is replaced by Peggy Carter, who becomes a patriotic super soldier called Captain Carter. Wanting to still contribute to the war effort, Steve is made the pilot of an experimental mech suit called the Hydra Stomper, and becomes Captain Carter’s partner and love interest.
• He is present in «What If…Zombies!?» where, after the Avengers respond to an incident, he and several of his teammates are transformed into ravenous zombies.

Live Performance

• Captain America appears as a main character in the traveling Marvel Universe Live stage show. He sports a costume similar to what he wears in the Ultimate comics and the Avengers Assemble TV show. Due to the stunt-based nature of the show, many of Captain America’s action scenes involve his motorcycle.
• Captain America is featured as a costumed character in the Universal Orlando resort from Universal Studios.
• Captain America is featured as a costumed character in Disneyland.

Merchandise

Comic

• During the 1970s, Captain America was featured in Mego’s World’s Greatest Super Heroes line of figures, as well as the company’s other products.
• During the 1980s, Captain America was featured in Mattel’s iconic Secret Wars line. Decades later, Gentle Giant made a recreation of the figure.
• In the 1990s, Captain America was featured in ToyBiz’s Marvel Super Heroes line of figures.
• Captain America was featured in other lines from ToyBiz, including the deluxe Marvel Universe line of oversized figures.
• Captain America was also featured in ToyBiz’s line for The Avengers: United They Stand.
• Captain America was featured in Hasbro’s Marvel Universe line many times.
• Captain America was featured in Diamond Select’s Marvel select line multiple times, including his Ultimate WW2 look and his iconic costume.
• Captain America was featured in Bandai’s line for Marvel Disk Wars: The Avengers.
• Captain America was featured in the Mini-Mates line from Diamond Select.
• Captain America was featured in Kaiyodo’s Revoltech line.
• Mezco has produced several Captain America figures for the One:12 line.
• Captain America has been featured in numerous kits from Lego.

Marvel Legends

• Captain America was featured in ToyBiz’s Marvel Legends line as part of the inaugural wave. The figure came packaged with an American flag diorama display base.
• He was subsequently featured in his Ultimate costume in Series VIII.
• Classic Captain America was included in a Face-Off two-pack with Red Skull, as well as an unmasked variant with Baron Strucker.
• Captain America was also featured in ToyBiz’s 12-inch Marvel Legends Icons line, as well as the 3.75-inch Marvel Legends Showdown game.
• When Hasbro took over the Marvel license, they produced more Captain America figures in the Marvel Legends line, starting with a Golden Age Captain America in the Brood Queen Build-a-Figure wave.
• The WW2 version of Ultimate Captain America was featured in a two-pack with Nick Fury.
• Commander Rogers was featured in the Terrax Build-a-Figure wave. A variant with a holographic shield was also released.
• Ultimate Captain America was featured in the Hit-Monkey Build-a-Figure wave, and was later re-released in a Target-exclusive three-pack with Ms. Marvel and Radioactive Man.
• Marvel NOW! Captain America was featured in the Mandroid Build-a-Figure wave.
• Captain America was featured in the Red Onslaught Build-a-Figure wave with a swappable Capwolf head. This figure was later repainted for the Marvel Legends Vintage line.
• Captain America was featured in Hasbro’s 12-inch line.
• Captain America was featured in his Secret War stealth outfit in the Abomination Build-a-Figure wave.
• The World War 2 version of Ultimate Captain America was featured in the Ultimate Riders line along with his army motorcycle.
• A classic Captain America inspired by the artwork of Alex Ross was released as part of the Marvel 80th Anniversary line as a Walmart exclusive. An updated version was later released to celebrate the 20th anniversary of Marvel Legends.
• Captain America from the 2020 Avengers video game was featured in the Gamerverse Abomination wave.
• A Venomized Captain America was released as a Walgreens exclusive.

MCU

• Hasbro produced a line of action figures for Captain America: The First Avengers. Though the toys were primarily in the 3.75-inch scale, a 6-inch Captain America movie figure was also produced.
• Captain America was heavily featured in Hasbro’s line for The Avengers, including figures in the 3.75 and 6-inch scales.
• Hasbro produced a line of figures for Captain America: The Winter Soldier and Captain America: Civil War.
• The Good Smile Company from Japan produced a Captain America figure from The Avengers for the Figma line. Cap’s various movie looks have also been featured in the Nendoroids line.
• Bandai’s Tamashii Nations crew developed various movie figures of Cap for the S.H. Figuarts line.
• Funko has produced Cap bobbleheads for the Pop! line depicting his various cinematic looks.
• Each of Captain America’s movie looks were immortalized by Hot Toys.
• Diamond Select produced Captain America figures in the Marvel Select line for many of his movie appearances, including The First Avenger and Captain America: Civil War.
• Captain America has been featured in various movie kits from Lego.
• The various cinematic versions of Captain America were featured in the Marvel Legends line from Hasbro.

Statues

• Bowen Designs has produced a number of different Captain America statues and busts.
• ToyBiz produced a Captain America model kit.
• Iron Studios has also produced Captain America statues based on his movie incarnations.
• Diamond Select has produced Captain America statues and busts, including his Ultimate design.
• Round2 produced a Captain America model kit.
• Captain America has been featured in the HeroClix figure game numerous times.
• Captain America figurines were produced by Eaglemoss Publications for The Classic Marvel Figurine collection.
• Dragon Models produced Captain America statues and model kits, usually featuring his movie incarnations.
• Gentle Giant Studios has produced Captain America statues.
• Sideshow Collectibles has produced multiple Captain America statues and dioramas.
• Kotobukiya has produced Captain America statues from both the comics and movies.

Board Games

Marvel Legendary

Captain America is a playable character in the base game of Upper Deck’s Marvel Legendary.

Novels

Captain America: Liberty’s Torch

The trial of Captain America! Captured by a vicious militia group called Liberty’s Torch, Cap is put on trial for the imagined crimes of America. Forced to defend himself in a hostile courtroom with no hope of a fair trail, the star-spangled Avenger faces his greatest challenge as his ideals are put to the acid test. Written By: T. Isabella Publisher: Berkley (December, 1998) ISBN-10: 0425166198 ISBN-13: 978-0425166192

Spider-Man Super Thriller (3): Global War

When Spider-Man tries to stop what looks like a simple robbery, he discovers that it’s really the start of a sinister plot created by his archenemy, Dr. Octopus. Dr. Octopus is in control of a pair of unstoppable nuclear missiles that he plans to use to take over the world. Teaming up with Captain America, Spider-Man must race against time to stop World War III! Written By: Martin Delrio Publisher: Pocket (January, 1997) ISBN-10: 0671007998 ISBN-13: 978-0671007997